Guo Ziyi, Qin Cunli, Zhang Lilan
State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.
Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China.
Microorganisms. 2024 Aug 22;12(8):1742. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms12081742.
Quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) are active ingredients in hundreds of disinfectants for controlling the epidemic of infectious diseases like SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19), and are also widely used in shale gas exploitation. The occurrence of QAC-resistant bacteria in the environment could enlarge the risk of sterilization failure, which is not fully understood. In this study, QAC-resistant bacteria were enumerated and characterized in 25 soils collected from shale gas exploitation areas. Total counts of QAC-resistant bacteria ranged from 6.81 × 10 to 4.48 × 10 cfu/g, accounting for 1.59% to 29.13% of the total bacteria. In total, 29 strains were further purified and identified as , , and genus. There, bacteria covering many pathogenic bacteria showed different QACs tolerance with MIC (minimum inhibition concentration) varying from 4 mg/L to 64 mg/L and almost 58.6% of isolates have not previously been found to tolerate QACs. Meanwhile, the QAC-resistant strains in the produced water of shale gas were also identified. Phylogenetic trees showed that the resistant species in soil and produced water are distinctly different. That is the first time the distribution and characterization of QAC-resistant bacteria in the soil environment has been analyzed.
季铵化合物（QACs）是数百种用于控制SARS-CoV-2（新冠病毒）等传染病流行的消毒剂中的活性成分，也广泛应用于页岩气开采。环境中耐QACs细菌的出现可能会增加灭菌失败的风险，而这一点尚未完全了解。在本研究中，对从页岩气开采区采集的25份土壤中的耐QACs细菌进行了计数和表征。耐QACs细菌的总数在6.81×10至4.48×10 cfu/g之间，占细菌总数的1.59%至29.13%。总共进一步纯化并鉴定出29株菌株，分别为、和属。在那里，涵盖许多病原菌的细菌对QACs表现出不同的耐受性，其最低抑菌浓度（MIC）从4 mg/L到64 mg/L不等，并且几乎58.6%的分离株此前未被发现耐受QACs。同时，还对页岩气采出水中的耐QACs菌株进行了鉴定。系统发育树表明，土壤和采出水中的耐药菌明显不同。这是首次分析土壤环境中耐QACs细菌的分布和特征。
