荜澄茄对白色念珠菌（一种常见于人类肠道的机会致病性真菌，可引起念珠菌感染）的影响及其抑菌谱。
Impact and fungitoxic spectrum of Trachyspermum ammi against Candida albicans, an opportunistic pathogenic fungus commonly found in human gut that causes Candidiasis infection.
机构信息
Department of Microbiology, SRM Arts and Science College, Kattankulathur, 603 203, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
Department of Microbiology, SRM Arts and Science College, Kattankulathur, 603 203, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
出版信息
J Infect Public Health. 2021 Dec;14(12):1854-1863. doi: 10.1016/j.jiph.2021.09.027. Epub 2021 Oct 6.
BACKGROUND
Trachyspermum ammi (commonly known as Ajwain), a medicinal plant of the Apiaceae family is scientifically acknowledged to harbor potential bioactive compounds for the treatment of gastrointestinal issues, loss of appetite, bronchial difficulties, cough, inflammation, diarrhoea, headache, hypertension, stomach discomfort, bronchitis and influenza. Candida albicans is generally a commensal fungus found in the gastrointestinal and genitourinary systems.
OBJECTIVE
This study was focused on secondary metabolites of T. ammi and its effects towards candidiasis infection as caused by C. albicans.
METHODS
Phytochemical components of T. ammi as a crude extract were extracted through maceration method using three polar (ethanol, methanol and water) and two non-polar (chloroform and diethyl ether) solvents and subjected to 14 phytochemical tests. Further, the crude extract of T. ammi was analyzed over gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Evaluation of antimicrobial property of the extract was carried out by minimum fungal concentration (MFC) and minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC). In addition, cell reduction assay was performed using flowcytometry to confirm the antifungal effect of Ajwain crude extract.
RESULTS
The aqueous extract showed high presence of phytochemicals including alkaloids, carbohydrates, flavonoids, resins, steroids, tannins, inorganic acids, organic acids, phenolic compounds, amino acids, protein and coumarins. GCMS analysis revealed seven bioactive compounds, in which thymol was detected in significant amount in the chromatogram. FTIR performance showed the presence of various stretching vibration including OH, CH, CC, CO, CN and COC. However, the MFC and MIC of Ajwain extracts using different solvent showed that the methanolic extract possesses maximum antifungal efficacy at 250 μg/ml and 15.6 μg/ml, respectively. In addition, cell reduction assay exhibited significant cell reduction in Ajwain methanolic extract compared to the other crude extracts used in the study.
CONCLUSION
Overall, the findings revealed that Ajwain methanolic crude extract has antifungal activity against C. albicans; however, that further needs to be established at molecular level.
背景
胡芦巴（俗称孜然），伞形科药用植物，科学上已证实含有潜在的生物活性化合物，可用于治疗胃肠道问题、食欲不振、支气管困难、咳嗽、炎症、腹泻、头痛、高血压、胃部不适、支气管炎和流感。白色念珠菌通常是一种共生真菌，存在于胃肠道和泌尿生殖系统中。
目的
本研究集中于胡芦巴的次生代谢产物及其对白色念珠菌引起的念珠菌感染的影响。
方法
采用浸渍法，用三种极性（乙醇、甲醇和水）和两种非极性（氯仿和乙醚）溶剂提取胡芦巴的植物化学成分，并进行 14 种植物化学成分试验。进一步对胡芦巴的粗提取物进行气相色谱-质谱（GC-MS）和傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）分析。通过最低真菌浓度（MFC）和最低抑菌浓度（MIC）评价提取物的抗菌性能。此外，通过流式细胞术进行细胞减少试验，以确认孜然粗提取物的抗真菌作用。
结果
水提物显示出高含量的植物化学物质，包括生物碱、碳水化合物、类黄酮、树脂、类固醇、单宁、无机酸、有机酸、酚类化合物、氨基酸、蛋白质和香豆素。GC-MS 分析显示了七种生物活性化合物，其中在色谱图中检测到了大量的麝香草酚。FTIR 性能显示出各种伸缩振动的存在，包括 OH、CH、CC、CO、CN 和 COC。然而，不同溶剂的孜然提取物的 MFC 和 MIC 表明，甲醇提取物在 250μg/ml 和 15.6μg/ml 时具有最大的抗真菌功效。此外，细胞减少试验显示，与研究中使用的其他粗提取物相比，孜然甲醇提取物具有显著的细胞减少作用。
结论
总的来说，研究结果表明，孜然甲醇粗提取物对白色念珠菌具有抗真菌活性；然而，这需要在分子水平上进一步证实。
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