Poison Centre, Belgian Poison Centre, Brussels, Belgium.
Maritime Medicine, Spanish Society of Maritime Medicine, Tarragona, Spain.
Arch Environ Occup Health. 2022;77(8):636-652. doi: 10.1080/19338244.2021.1990829. Epub 2021 Oct 16.
The aim is to assess the prevalence and knowledge on acute occupational exposure to phosphine in the shipping industry. We followed PRISMA guidelines for scoping review. We searched in 4 databases without language and date restrictions for scientific articles in peer-reviewed and gray literature. We found 13 peer-reviewed articles and 63 articles in gray literature. These covered 56 incidents from 1963 to 2019 for a total of 254 victims and 22 fatalities. There is an increase in the number of reported cases over the last 20 years. Neurologic and gastrointestinal symptoms are predominant, and hospitalization is needed in 80% of cases. Our review underlined the principal risk as gas exposure through leaks between holds and the ventilation system. Further studies on the knowledge and the prevention in order to improve good practices onboard, prevent the risk of fire explosion, and a global reporting system of new cases are recommended.
目的是评估航运业中急性职业性磷化氢暴露的流行情况和相关知识。我们遵循 PRISMA 指南进行范围综述。我们在 4 个数据库中进行了检索，没有语言和日期限制，以查找同行评议文献和灰色文献中的科学文章。我们找到了 13 篇同行评议文章和 63 篇灰色文献。这些文章涵盖了 1963 年至 2019 年的 56 起事件，共有 254 名受害者和 22 人死亡。在过去的 20 年里，报告的病例数量有所增加。主要症状为神经和胃肠道症状，80%的病例需要住院治疗。我们的综述强调了主要风险是货舱与通风系统之间的泄漏导致的气体暴露。建议进一步研究相关知识和预防措施，以改善船上的良好实践，防止火灾爆炸风险，并建立一个新病例的全球报告系统。
