Preuss H G, Fournier R D, Chieuh C C, Kopin I J, Knapka J J, DiPette D, More N S, Rao N A
J Hypertens Suppl. 1986 Oct;4(3):S459-62.
Spontaneously hypertensive (SHR) and Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats received diets differing in amount and source of carbohydrates (CHO). When the CHO was in excess and the source was refined sugar or starch rather than natural ingredients, blood pressure (BP) rose, more so in SHR. This BP increase was observed whether sucrose, glucose, fructose or starch was the principal CHO. Increased urinary excretion of norepinephrine, dopamine and epinephrine also occurred. After only 2-3 months retinal capillary basement membrane damage was demonstrated in SHR and WKY rats ingesting large amounts of sucrose. No similar changes occurred on a high-starch diet. The damage consisted of thickening of capillary basement membranes, loss of homogeneity, and debris inclusions. These results suggest: that high dietary ingestion of CHO in the form of refined CHO augments BP in SHR and WKY rats via increased catecholamine production and/or release, and that the temporally foreshortened experimental period offered by the SHR/WKY model may be valuable in the study of diet-induced retinopathies.
自发性高血压（SHR）大鼠和Wistar-Kyoto（WKY）大鼠摄入了碳水化合物（CHO）含量和来源不同的饮食。当CHO过量且来源为精制糖或淀粉而非天然成分时，血压（BP）会升高，在SHR大鼠中更为明显。无论蔗糖、葡萄糖、果糖或淀粉是主要的CHO，都会观察到这种BP升高。去甲肾上腺素、多巴胺和肾上腺素的尿排泄量也会增加。仅2 - 3个月后，摄入大量蔗糖的SHR和WKY大鼠就出现了视网膜毛细血管基底膜损伤。高淀粉饮食未出现类似变化。损伤包括毛细血管基底膜增厚、均匀性丧失和碎片包涵体。这些结果表明：以精制CHO形式摄入高膳食CHO会通过增加儿茶酚胺的产生和/或释放来提高SHR和WKY大鼠的BP，并且SHR/WKY模型提供的时间缩短的实验期可能对饮食诱导的视网膜病变研究有价值。
