Abel Medium Clinic, Gondar, Ethiopia.
School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia.
Reprod Health. 2021 Oct 18;18(1):208. doi: 10.1186/s12978-021-01258-w.
Despite high prevalence, food aversions are closely linked to the dietary intake of pregnant women. Thus, understanding this behavior is important in addressing the issue of maternal nutrition. Therefore, the aim of this study is to provide information on the prevalence and associated factors of food aversion and its relationship with the nutritional status of pregnant women in Boricha Woreda, Sidama Regional state, Southern Ethiopia, 2019.
A community based mixed cross sectional study was conducted among 505 randomly selected pregnant mothers at Boricha Woreda, Southern Ethiopia from June 1-20, 2019. Pre-tested and structured face-to-face interview questionnaire and focus group discussion guide were used to collect quantitative and qualitative data respectively. The quantitative data were cleaned, coded and entered into Epi Info version 7.1.4.0 and then exported to SPSS IBM version 20 for further analysis. The qualitative data were analyzed manually using a content analysis.The bi-variable and multivariable logistic regression was used to identify the possible factors of food aversion. AOR with the respective 95% CIs was used to declare statistical significance.
Nearly, seven-in-ten (69.2%) of the pregnant women were averted of at least one food. Cereal (45.9%) and enset (44.2%) were averted by majority of the participants. The mean (± SD) MUAC measurement was 22.7 (± 2.4) cm. Pregnant women of age group of 24-28 [AOR = 3.04, 95% CI (1.72-5.35)] and 29-33 years [AOR = 2.00, 95% CI (1.02-3.92)], nausea during [AOR = 1.77, 95% CI (1.16-2.70)] and having additional meal [AOR = 1.68, 95% CI (1.02-2.75)] were significantly associated with food aversion. Maternal nutritional status and food aversion was sstatistically significant (p-value < 0.001).
High prevalence of food aversions (69.2%) and under nutrition (34.6%) among pregnant women is found. Therefore, the Woreda Health Office needs to intensify the integration of maternal nutrition into ANC services and training of health providers as well as critical appraisal of health extension workers should also be considered.
尽管食物厌恶症的患病率很高，但它与孕妇的饮食摄入密切相关。因此，了解这种行为对于解决孕产妇营养问题非常重要。因此，本研究旨在提供博里查区（Boricha Woreda）、埃塞俄比亚南方州锡达马地区（Sidama Regional state）孕妇食物厌恶症的流行情况及其相关因素的信息，并探讨其与孕妇营养状况的关系。2019 年 6 月 1 日至 20 日，在博里查区进行了一项基于社区的混合横断面研究，共纳入 505 名随机选择的孕妇。采用经过预测试的结构化面对面访谈问卷和焦点小组讨论指南分别收集定量和定性数据。定量数据经过清理、编码后输入 Epi Info 版本 7.1.4.0，然后导出到 SPSS IBM 版本 20 进行进一步分析。定性数据采用内容分析法进行分析。采用单变量和多变量逻辑回归来确定食物厌恶症的可能因素。使用比值比（AOR）及其相应的 95%置信区间（CI）来判断统计学意义。
近十分之七（69.2%）的孕妇至少对一种食物产生厌恶。大多数参与者对谷物（45.9%）和蕉叶薯蓣（Enset，44.2%）产生厌恶。孕妇的平均（±标准差）臂围测量值为 22.7（±2.4）cm。24-28 岁（AOR=3.04，95%CI（1.72-5.35））和 29-33 岁（AOR=2.00，95%CI（1.02-3.92））年龄组的孕妇、怀孕期间有恶心（AOR=1.77，95%CI（1.16-2.70））和额外进食（AOR=1.68，95%CI（1.02-2.75））的孕妇与食物厌恶显著相关。孕妇的营养状况与食物厌恶有统计学意义（p 值<0.001）。
研究发现，孕妇中食物厌恶症（69.2%）和营养不良（34.6%）的高患病率。因此，博里查区卫生办公室需要加强将孕产妇营养纳入 ANC 服务，并对卫生提供者进行培训，还应考虑对卫生推广工作者进行严格评估。
