Gebre Turufat Paskal, Tafesse Temesgen, Abebo Teshome Abuka
School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia.
SAGE Open Med. 2024 Nov 8;12:20503121241284950. doi: 10.1177/20503121241284950. eCollection 2024.
Food aversion is one of the reasons for maternal undernutrition. Early screening for maternal undernutrition risk factors would improve the ability to recognize this problem and intervene early. Hence, this study was intended to identify the association of food aversion with maternal nutritional status.
To assess food aversion and its association with pregnant women's nutritional status in Teticha Woreda, Sidama region, Ethiopia, March, 2022.
In Teticha Woreda, a mixed community-based comparative cross-sectional study was carried out from 1 March to 15 April 2022. Data were collected using an unstructured interview guide for qualitative data and a structured questionnaire for quantitative data. Epi-Data version 3.1 was used to enter quantitative data. Quantitative data were exported and cleaned and analyzed in SPSS version 20. For the quantitative data, descriptive statistics were calculated. To identify predictors of low nutritional status and control for confounders, multivariable logistic regression was utilized.
Maternal undernutrition was found in 109 (48.9%; 95% CI: 42.4%-55.4%) of pregnant women with food aversion and 69 (30.9%; 95% CI: 25.1%-37.2%) women without food aversion (mid-upper arm circumference 23 cm). A significant proportion of mothers 95 (42.6%) stated that food aversion stemmed from the taste or smell of the food. Some mothers avoided "Enset," while others avoided foods like cereal, milk, and coffee. In the Chi-square test, pregnant women who had food aversion had a higher likelihood of maternal undernutrition as compared to women who did not have food aversion (-value of 0.000).
This study found higher magnitude of undernutrition among pregnant women who had food aversion as compared to their counterparts. Nutritional interventions, especially nutritional counseling focusing on food aversion, are essential to tackle maternal undernutrition.
食物厌恶是孕产妇营养不良的原因之一。早期筛查孕产妇营养不良风险因素将提高识别该问题并尽早干预的能力。因此，本研究旨在确定食物厌恶与孕产妇营养状况之间的关联。
于2022年3月评估埃塞俄比亚锡达马地区特蒂查县孕妇的食物厌恶情况及其与营养状况的关联。
2022年3月1日至4月15日，在特蒂查县开展了一项基于社区的混合比较横断面研究。使用非结构化访谈指南收集定性数据，使用结构化问卷收集定量数据。定量数据使用Epi-Data 3.1版本录入。定量数据导出后进行清理，并在SPSS 20版本中进行分析。对于定量数据，计算描述性统计量。为了确定低营养状况的预测因素并控制混杂因素，采用多变量逻辑回归分析。
有食物厌恶的孕妇中，109人（48.9%；95%置信区间：42.4%-55.4%）存在孕产妇营养不良，无食物厌恶的孕妇中，69人（30.9%；95%置信区间：25.1%-37.2%）存在孕产妇营养不良（上臂中部周长<23 cm）。很大一部分母亲（95人，42.6%）表示食物厌恶源于食物的味道或气味。一些母亲不吃“埃塞俄比亚香蕉”，而另一些母亲则不吃谷物、牛奶和咖啡等食物。在卡方检验中，与无食物厌恶的女性相比，有食物厌恶的孕妇发生孕产妇营养不良的可能性更高（P值为0.000）。
本研究发现，与无食物厌恶的孕妇相比，有食物厌恶的孕妇营养不良的程度更高。营养干预措施，尤其是针对食物厌恶的营养咨询，对于解决孕产妇营养不良问题至关重要。
