Liu Xing, Wu Guo-Hui, Zhang Yu-Lan, Xie Hong-Tu, Chen Zhen-Hua, Chen Li-Jun
Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao. 2021 Aug;32(8):2693-2702. doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202108.041.
We investigated the effects of different biochar application patterns on soil nutrient contents and element transformation, with soil samples being collected from two five-year field experiments in Phaeozem and Luvisol amended with biochar at annual low-rate (AL, 22.5 t·hm·a) and intervalic high-rate (IH, 112.5 t·hm·5 a). Changes of soil total carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) contents as well as the related enzyme activities were measured under different biochar application patterns to provide fundamental information for the straw utilization and soil fertility improvement in agroecosystem. Results showed that total C and organic N contents in AL treatment were significantly higher than those in IH treatment in Phaeozem soil. Compared with the control, the decreases of dehydrogenase activity in AL treatment was more pronounced than that in IH treatment in Phaeozem soil, and the increases of protease activity in IH treatment was pronounced than that in AL treatment in Luvisol. Compared with Luvisol soil, the application of biochar had stronger effect on total soil C and organic N contents in Phaeozem soil. Application of biochar significantly increased the activities of soil dehydrogenase and protease in Luvisol soil, but decreased the activity of soil dehydrogenase. Soil types and biochar application patterns interacted to affect soil C and N contents, microbial metabolic activity, N- and P-related enzyme activities. In summary, soil types and biochar addition affected soil properties and microbial characteristics, which would provide important information for straw application and soil management.
我们研究了不同生物炭施用模式对土壤养分含量和元素转化的影响，土壤样品采自两个为期五年的田间试验，分别是在黑土和淋溶土上进行的，生物炭施用方式为每年低施用量（AL，22.5吨·公顷·年）和间隔高施用量（IH，112.5吨·公顷·5年）。测定了不同生物炭施用模式下土壤总碳（C）、氮（N）和磷（P）含量的变化以及相关酶活性，为农业生态系统中秸秆利用和土壤肥力提升提供基础信息。结果表明，在黑土中，AL处理的总碳和有机氮含量显著高于IH处理。与对照相比，黑土中AL处理脱氢酶活性的降低比IH处理更明显，而在淋溶土中，IH处理蛋白酶活性的增加比AL处理更显著。与淋溶土相比，生物炭施用对黑土中土壤总碳和有机氮含量的影响更强。生物炭施用显著增加了淋溶土中土壤脱氢酶和蛋白酶的活性，但降低了土壤脱氢酶的活性。土壤类型和生物炭施用模式相互作用，影响土壤碳和氮含量、微生物代谢活性以及与氮和磷相关的酶活性。总之，土壤类型和生物炭添加影响土壤性质和微生物特性，这将为秸秆施用和土壤管理提供重要信息。
