Clinical Research Division, The Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, USA.
Psychiatry Department, New York University School of Medicine, New York, USA.
Pharmacopsychiatry. 2022 Mar;55(2):87-94. doi: 10.1055/a-1589-6049. Epub 2021 Oct 19.
Sodium lactate (NaL) infusion and carbon dioxide (CO) inhalation are proven to provoke acute panic attacks (PAs) in patients with panic disorder (PD). A systematic literature search and meta-analysis were performed to compare the effect sizes of these methods.
Odds ratios were calculated for each of the original studies and were pooled using the random-effects model.
Either NaL or CO provocations significantly increased the rates of PAs in individuals with PD compared to those in healthy controls. However, the effect size of NaL infusion (=25.13, =15.48-40.80) was significantly greater than that of CO inhalation (=10.58, =7.88-14.21).
The evidence for the efficacy of the two panic provocation tests is very strong. Yet, the results support the superiority of NaL infusion over CO inhalation challenge as a panic provocation test. Thus, lactate seems a much stronger stimulus than CO for the brain suffocation detector.
乳酸钠（NaL）输注和二氧化碳（CO）吸入已被证明可诱发惊恐障碍（PD）患者的急性惊恐发作（PA）。进行了系统的文献检索和荟萃分析，以比较这些方法的效果大小。
对每项原始研究计算了优势比，并使用随机效应模型进行了汇总。
与健康对照组相比，NaL 或 CO 激发均显著增加了 PD 个体中 PA 的发生率。然而，乳酸钠输注的效应大小（=25.13，=15.48-40.80）明显大于 CO 吸入的效应大小（=10.58，=7.88-14.21）。
两种惊恐诱发测试的疗效证据非常强。然而，结果支持乳酸钠输注优于 CO 吸入挑战作为惊恐诱发测试。因此，与 CO 相比，乳酸似乎是大脑窒息探测器更强的刺激物。
