Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore.
Department of Psychology, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 2022 Oct;56(10):1332-1343. doi: 10.1177/00048674211053568. Epub 2021 Oct 19.
Transdiagnostic risk factors-disrupted processes common to psychopathology-link adverse childhood experiences to severe mental disorders (i.e. major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia spectrum disorders); however, transdiagnostic protective factors are understudied. The present study investigated the association between a positive mental health framework of protective intra- and interpersonal resources and severe mental disorders in individuals with adverse childhood experiences. We hypothesized that (1) individuals with adverse childhood experiences will experience more severe mental disorders and poorer intra- and interpersonal resources than those without adverse childhood experiences; (2) intrapersonal (e.g. general coping) and interpersonal resources (e.g. emotional support) will interact to predict severe mental disorders.
A total of 1929 adults participated in this population-based study. Participants were assessed for adverse childhood experiences, severe mental disorders, and intra- and interpersonal resources (general coping, general affect, emotional support, interpersonal skills, spirituality, and personal growth and autonomy) via structured interviews and self-reports.
As hypothesized, individuals with adverse childhood experiences (62.6%) experienced more severe mental disorders and poorer intra- and interpersonal resources than those without adverse childhood experiences. Among those with adverse childhood experiences, emotional support interacted with general coping and general affect to predict severe mental disorders; general coping and general affect were negatively associated with severe mental disorders at high (+1 SD) and low (-1 SD) emotional support, respectively.
The present study identified interactions between specific intrapersonal (i.e. general coping and general affect) and interpersonal resources (i.e. emotional support); knowing and to intervene are essential for optimal treatment of adverse childhood experiences and severe mental disorders.
跨诊断风险因素——常见于精神病理学的紊乱过程——将不良的童年经历与严重精神障碍（即重度抑郁症、双相情感障碍和精神分裂症谱系障碍）联系起来；然而，跨诊断保护因素的研究还很不足。本研究调查了积极的心理健康框架中的保护内在和人际关系资源与经历过不良童年经历的个体的严重精神障碍之间的关系。我们假设：（1）经历过不良童年经历的个体将比没有不良童年经历的个体经历更严重的精神障碍和更差的内在和人际关系资源；（2）内在资源（如一般应对）和人际关系资源（如情感支持）将相互作用来预测严重精神障碍。
共有 1929 名成年人参与了这项基于人群的研究。参与者通过结构化访谈和自我报告，评估了不良童年经历、严重精神障碍以及内在和人际关系资源（一般应对、一般情感、情感支持、人际交往技巧、灵性和个人成长与自主）。
正如假设的那样，经历过不良童年经历的个体（62.6%）比没有不良童年经历的个体经历更严重的精神障碍和更差的内在和人际关系资源。在经历过不良童年经历的个体中，情感支持与一般应对和一般情感相互作用，预测严重精神障碍；一般应对和一般情感分别与高（+1 SD）和低（-1 SD）情感支持下的严重精神障碍呈负相关。
本研究确定了特定内在资源（即一般应对和一般情感）和人际关系资源（即情感支持）之间的相互作用；了解和干预这些相互作用对于最佳治疗不良童年经历和严重精神障碍至关重要。
