性活跃青少年的 HIV 检测与同意政策之间的关联:性行为差异。
Associations between HIV Testing and Consent Policies among Sexually Active Adolescents: Differences by Sexual Behavior.
机构信息
Northwestern University Department of Medical Social Sciences, Chicago, IL, USA.
出版信息
AIDS Care. 2022 Jul;34(7):862-868. doi: 10.1080/09540121.2021.1991878. Epub 2021 Oct 20.
HIV incidence remains high among US youth, especially among sexual minority youth. However, only half of youth with HIV are aware of their status. One potential explanation for low HIV testing rates is that restrictive policies may prevent minors from access HIV testing due to parental consent requirements. Using pooled data from the local Youth Risk Behavior Survey, we assessed whether state HIV testing laws, including age restrictions and explicit inclusion of HIV in STI testing consent laws, were associated with differences in HIV testing rates; differences by sexual behavior were also examined. Among female youth, policies were not associated with HIV testing. However, among male youth, both the presence of age restrictions and explicit inclusion in STI services were significantly associated with increased odds of HIV testing. Results indicate that policy changes may be effective at increasing testing among male youth who have sex with other males.
艾滋病毒发病率在美青少年中仍然居高不下,尤其是在性少数群体青少年中。然而,只有一半的艾滋病毒感染者知晓自身状况。艾滋病毒检测率低的一个潜在原因是,由于父母同意的要求,限制政策可能会阻止未成年人进行艾滋病毒检测。利用当地青少年风险行为调查的汇总数据,我们评估了州艾滋病毒检测法律(包括年龄限制和明确将艾滋病毒纳入性传播感染检测同意法)是否与艾滋病毒检测率的差异相关;还检查了不同性行为之间的差异。在女青少年中,政策与艾滋病毒检测无关。然而,在男青少年中,年龄限制的存在和在性传播感染服务中明确纳入都与艾滋病毒检测几率的增加显著相关。结果表明,政策的改变可能会有效地增加与其他男性发生性关系的男青少年的检测率。