Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Clinic, Clinical Center Niš, Blvd Zorana Djindjica 48, 18000 Niš, Serbia; Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, Blvd Zorana Djindjica 81, 18000 Niš, Serbia.
Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Piazza le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
Parasitol Int. 2022 Feb;86:102482. doi: 10.1016/j.parint.2021.102482. Epub 2021 Oct 19.
Dirofilaria spp. nematodes are accidental parasites of humans causing mild to serious, superficial or visceral infections. Superficial dirofilariosis is rather common in Europe and is typically manifested as subcutaneous form. Herein we report 46 new cases of human dirofilariosis (19 patients with subcutaneous, 18 patients with ocular, 4 patients wih genital, 2 patients with submucosal, 2 patients with pulmonary and 1 patient with intramuscular form of infection) that were recorded from the beginning of 2015 to May 2021 on the Balkan Peninsula with a goal to update the prevalence of this parasitosis and point out potential problems in diagnosis and treatment. Besides, given the high possibility of misinterpretation as tumor, our second aim was to encourage the inclusion of this pathogen in the differential diagnosis of subcutaneous nodules. Although quite common forms, subcutaneous and ocular dirofilariosis can be very often misdiagnosed in clinical practice due to the absence of specific clinical manifestations. Therefore, raising awareness of clinicians about this zoonosis is needed as well as closer collaboration between physicians and veterinarians.
犬恶丝虫属线虫是人类的偶然寄生虫，可引起轻度至严重的皮肤或内脏感染。皮肤恶丝虫病在欧洲相当常见，通常表现为皮下型。本文报告了 46 例新的人类犬恶丝虫病病例（19 例为皮下型，18 例为眼型，4 例为生殖器型，2 例为黏膜下型，2 例为肺型，1 例为肌肉型），这些病例是从 2015 年初到 2021 年 5 月在巴尔干半岛记录的，目的是更新这种寄生虫病的流行情况，并指出诊断和治疗方面的潜在问题。此外，鉴于其非常容易被误诊为肿瘤，我们的第二个目的是鼓励将这种病原体纳入皮下结节的鉴别诊断中。尽管是较为常见的形式，但由于缺乏特异性临床表现，临床实践中经常会误诊皮下型和眼型犬恶丝虫病。因此，有必要提高临床医生对这种人畜共患病的认识，以及医生和兽医之间的密切合作。
