Zhao Rui, Gao Qin, Xiong Ting, Zhou Juan, Wang Shanshan, Zhang Zhen, Du Yatan, Xie Huihui, Chen Xiuzhi, Shen Jian, Han Weizhen, Yang Xuefeng, Hao Liping
Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
Department of Public Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China.
J Acad Nutr Diet. 2022 Apr;122(4):722-730.e12. doi: 10.1016/j.jand.2021.10.016. Epub 2021 Oct 18.
Although previous studies have found that maternal fish intake is associated with fetal growth, the role of freshwater fish intake remains unknown.
Our aim was to examine the relationships of freshwater fish and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) intake with the risk of small for gestational age (SGA) in Chinese pregnant women.
This was a prospective analysis of data from the Tongji Birth cohort in Wuhan, China, from 2018 to 2021.
PARTICIPANTS/SETTINGS: This study included 1,701 pregnant women who had completed a food frequency questionnaire dietary assessment during mid-pregnancy.
Intake of fish was assessed by a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Total intake of n-3 PUFAs was the sum of data collected from both dietary and supplemental sources of n-3 PUFAs. Birth information was extracted from medical records.
Multivariate logistic regression models were applied to estimate odds ratios and 95% CIs.
The median (interquartile range) intake of freshwater fish and total n-3 PUFAs was 12.1 (4.3 to 26.4) g/d and 68.2 (24.5 to 370.0) mg/d, respectively. Moderate intake of freshwater fish was associated with reduced risk of SGA. Compared with the lowest quintile (0-3.2 g/d), the multivariable-adjusted odds ratio for women in the fourth quintile of freshwater fish intake (17.9 to 30.0 g/d) was 0.50 (95% CI 0.25 to 0.96). We found a nonlinear association between freshwater fish intake and SGA risk (P = .027). However, maternal n-3 PUFAs intake was not significantly associated with SGA risk, either from total intake or from dietary sources alone.
Moderate freshwater fish intake during pregnancy is associated with lower risk of SGA in a Chinese population. This finding provides supportive evidence for freshwater fish intake during pregnancy, particularly for the inland areas of developing countries.
尽管先前的研究发现孕妇摄入鱼类与胎儿生长有关，但淡水鱼摄入的作用仍不清楚。
我们的目的是研究中国孕妇淡水鱼和n-3多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）摄入量与小于胎龄儿（SGA）风险之间的关系。
这是一项对2018年至2021年中国武汉同济出生队列数据的前瞻性分析。
参与者/设置：本研究纳入了1701名在孕中期完成食物频率问卷调查饮食评估的孕妇。
通过半定量食物频率问卷评估鱼类摄入量。n-3多不饱和脂肪酸的总摄入量是从饮食和n-3多不饱和脂肪酸补充剂来源收集的数据总和。从医疗记录中提取出生信息。
应用多变量逻辑回归模型估计比值比和95%置信区间。
淡水鱼和总n-3多不饱和脂肪酸的摄入量中位数（四分位间距）分别为12.1（4.3至26.4）克/天和68.2（24.5至370.0）毫克/天。适量摄入淡水鱼与降低SGA风险相关。与最低五分位数（0至3.2克/天）相比，淡水鱼摄入量处于第四五分位数（17.9至30.0克/天）的女性经多变量调整后的比值比为0.50（95%置信区间0.25至0.96）。我们发现淡水鱼摄入量与SGA风险之间存在非线性关联（P = 0.027）。然而，孕妇n-3多不饱和脂肪酸摄入量与SGA风险无显著关联，无论是总摄入量还是仅饮食来源的摄入量。
孕期适量摄入淡水鱼与中国人群中较低的SGA风险相关。这一发现为孕期摄入淡水鱼提供了支持性证据，特别是在发展中国家的内陆地区。
