Cas Lek Cesk. 2021 Fall;160(5):193-202.
Stoma formation is an important component of many surgical procedures performed for a wide range of disorders of the gastrointestinal tract. Ostomy-related complications remain common and are associated with significant morbidity as well as costs. In 21st century stoma patient care is a dynamically developing field of medicine worldwide. Pouching system production is focused on different physical profiles of population in regards to inequality of the abdominal wall and skin lashes. In many cases it can cause leakage of the pouching system and underflowing of stoma effluent underneath the ostomy device resulting in peristomal skin complications. There is a clear trend of care in patients with inequality of the abdominal wall towards production and distribution of convex ostomy pouching systems. Convex systems of different sizes and depths for patients with ileostomies and colostomies are available on the market. In this way enterostomal therapist has the possibility to use an adequate pouching system (soft, mild and deep convex systems). The authors will review common local complications of stoma creation, detail measures to prevent them and outline recommendations for management including nursing procedures of stoma therapist.
造口术是为治疗胃肠道广泛疾病而进行的许多外科手术中的一个重要组成部分。与造口相关的并发症仍然很常见，并且会导致严重的发病率和费用。在 21 世纪，全球范围内，造口患者护理是一个快速发展的医学领域。造口袋系统的生产针对的是不同人群的不同身体特征，包括腹壁和皮肤褶皱的不平等。在许多情况下，这会导致造口袋系统泄漏，造口流出物在造口装置下方倒流，从而导致造口周围皮肤并发症。对于腹壁不平等的患者，护理的明显趋势是生产和分配凸面造口袋系统。市场上有适用于回肠造口术和结肠造口术患者的不同大小和深度的凸面系统。肠造口治疗师可以使用合适的造口袋系统（柔软、温和且深度凸面系统）。作者将回顾造口术常见的局部并发症，详细介绍预防这些并发症的措施，并概述管理建议，包括造口治疗师的护理程序。
