Bliksvær Trond, Bertelsen Tilde Marie, Fabritius Merete Kvamme, Hansen Morten Balle, Lunde Bente Vibecke, Waldahl Ragnhild Holmen
Nordland Research Institute, Bodø, Norway.
Center for Organization, Management and Administration (COMA), Department of Politics and Society, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.
J Healthc Leadersh. 2021 Oct 12;13:231-242. doi: 10.2147/JHL.S326663. eCollection 2021.
Home-based reablement (HBR) has achieved significant international prominence in recent years. In the Nordic countries, HBR has been introduced as an innovative care model within the municipal health care sector that answers the need for better and more effective service delivery. But knowledge about how innovations can be spread in the municipal health care sector is scarce. We also know little about what role first-line managers (FLMs) may play for the diffusion of innovations.
To describe and explain adoption of HBR in municipalities in Norway and to explore if there is a relationship between early/late adoption and the FLM's perception of innovativeness in their organization. Such knowledge is valuable for the understanding of the role of FLM for the diffusion of innovations in the health care sector.
A cross-sectional national online survey was carried out among FLM in the eldercare sector in 422 Norwegian municipalities. The response rate was 64%. The analysis was based on univariate and bivariate techniques, factor analysis, and multiple linear regression.
A bivariate analysis revealed that early adoption is associated with a high score on perception of innovativeness among FLMs. Innovators and early adopters scored highest (5.65) on perception of innovativeness, followed by early majority (5.31) and late majority (5.18). The lowest score was found among Laggards. A multiple regression analysis revealed that a substantial part of the positive relationship between early adoption and perception of innovativeness can be explained by FLMs' length of service in the organization and their educational level. Wealth of the municipality does not have an effect on innovativeness.
An implication of the results is that mature and stable personnel in key positions in the organization, and personnel with higher education, can be positive for innovativeness in the municipal health care sector.
近年来，居家康复护理（HBR）在国际上受到了广泛关注。在北欧国家，HBR已作为一种创新护理模式被引入市政医疗保健部门，以满足提供更好、更有效服务的需求。然而，关于创新如何在市政医疗保健部门传播的知识却很匮乏。我们对一线管理人员（FLMs）在创新传播中可能发挥的作用也知之甚少。
描述和解释挪威各市政当局采用HBR的情况，并探讨早期/晚期采用与一线管理人员对其组织创新性的认知之间是否存在关系。这些知识对于理解一线管理人员在医疗保健部门创新传播中的作用具有重要价值。
对挪威422个市政当局老年护理部门的一线管理人员进行了一项全国性横断面在线调查。回复率为64%。分析基于单变量和双变量技术、因子分析和多元线性回归。
双变量分析显示，早期采用与一线管理人员对创新性的高得分相关。创新者和早期采用者在创新性认知方面得分最高（5.65），其次是早期多数群体（5.31）和晚期多数群体（5.18）。落后者得分最低。多元回归分析显示，早期采用与创新性认知之间的积极关系的很大一部分可以由一线管理人员在组织中的服务年限和教育水平来解释。市政当局的财富对创新性没有影响。
研究结果表明，组织中关键岗位上成熟稳定的人员以及受过高等教育的人员，可能对市政医疗保健部门的创新性产生积极影响。
