Centre Hospitalier de Université de Montreal, Montreal, QC H2X 0C1, Canada.
Curr Oncol. 2021 Oct 12;28(5):4093-4108. doi: 10.3390/curroncol28050347.
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) remains a poorly understood disease with aggressive features, high relapse rates, and significant morbidity as well as mortality, yet persistently limited treatment options. For three decades, the treatment algorithm of SCLC has been stagnant despite multiple attempts to find alternative therapeutic options that could improve responses and increase survival rates. On the other hand, immunotherapy has been a thriving concept that revolutionized treatment options in multiple malignancies, rendering previously untreatable diseases potentially curable. In extensive stage SCLC, immunotherapy significantly altered the course of disease and is now part of the treatment algorithm in the first-line setting. Nevertheless, the important questions that arise are how best to implement immunotherapy, who would benefit the most, and finally, how to enhance responses.
小细胞肺癌（SCLC）仍然是一种了解甚少的疾病，具有侵袭性特征、高复发率、显著的发病率和死亡率，但治疗选择仍然有限。尽管有多种尝试寻找可以提高反应率和生存率的替代治疗选择，但 SCLC 的治疗方案在过去三十年中一直停滞不前。另一方面，免疫疗法是一个蓬勃发展的概念，它彻底改变了多种恶性肿瘤的治疗选择，使以前无法治疗的疾病具有潜在的治愈可能。在广泛期 SCLC 中，免疫疗法显著改变了疾病进程，现在是一线治疗方案中的一部分。然而，出现的重要问题是如何最好地实施免疫疗法，谁将受益最大，以及最终如何增强反应。
