College of Transport and Communications, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201306, China.
College of Management, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518073, China; Commercial College, Xi'an International University, Xi'an 710077, China.
Mar Pollut Bull. 2021 Dec;173(Pt B):113053. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.113053. Epub 2021 Oct 19.
As an important part of the global shipping industry, hazardous cargo transportation at ports is concerned by countries around the world due to the great hazards and high risks during its operations. However, multiple hazardous cargo accidents have occurred at ports in recent years. The explosion accident of hazardous cargoes at Tianjin Port, China, in 2015 is a typical case. It is a topic worth in-depth study to figure out how to analyze the causation factors of such accident and propose effective governance strategies against them. This article takes the hazardous cargo explosion at Tianjin Port of China as the subject and systematically analyzes the causation factors of the accident based on the Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) method. It proposes a strategy for governing hazardous cargoes at the port. The analysis results show that the hazardous cargo explosion at the port has complicated causation factors, among which management and human factors play a predominant role in the overall accident causation structure. Other factors include environmental factors and cargo & facility factors. Finally, the corresponding safety governance strategy is proposed based on the structural relationship of various accident causation factors in the above analysis. This study can offer guidance for port enterprises to reduce hazardous cargo accidents at ports and provide an important basis for port authorities to formulate strategies on emergency management and emergency decision-making of hazardous cargo accidents at ports.
作为全球航运业的重要组成部分，由于其在运营过程中存在巨大的危害和高风险，世界各地的国家都关注港口危险货物运输。然而，近年来港口发生了多起危险货物事故。2015 年中国天津港危险货物爆炸事故就是一个典型案例。深入研究如何分析事故的原因因素并提出有效的治理对策是一个值得探讨的课题。本文以中国天津港危险货物爆炸事故为研究对象，采用故障树分析（FTA）方法，系统分析事故的原因因素，并提出港口危险货物治理策略。分析结果表明，港口危险货物爆炸事故的原因因素复杂，其中管理和人为因素在整体事故原因结构中起主导作用。其他因素包括环境因素和货物及设施因素。最后，根据上述分析中各种事故原因因素的结构关系，提出了相应的安全治理策略。本研究可为港口企业减少港口危险货物事故提供指导，为港口管理部门制定港口危险货物事故应急管理和应急决策策略提供重要依据。
