Baqiyatallah Research Center for Gastroenterology and Liver Disease, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Science, Tehran 1435916471, Iran.
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran 14115111, Iran.
Toxins (Basel). 2021 Oct 11;13(10):719. doi: 10.3390/toxins13100719.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cancers in the world. Therefore, fighting against such cancer is reasonable. Chemotherapy drugs are sometimes inefficient and often accompanied by undesirable side effects for patients. On the other hand, the emergence of chemoresistant HCC emphasizes the need for a new high-efficiency treatment strategy. Immunotoxins are armed and rigorous targeting agents that can purposefully kill cancer cells. Unlike traditional chemotherapeutics, immunotoxins because of targeted toxicity, insignificant cross-resistance, easy production, and other favorable properties can be ideal candidates against HCC. In this review, the characteristics of proper HCC-specific biomarkers for immunotoxin targeting were dissected. After that, the first to last immunotoxins developed for the treatment of liver cancer were discussed. So, by reviewing the strengths and weaknesses of these immunotoxins, we attempted to provide keynotes for designing an optimal immunotoxin against HCC.
肝细胞癌 (HCC) 是世界上最常见的癌症之一。因此,对抗这种癌症是合理的。化疗药物有时效率低下,而且常常给患者带来不良副作用。另一方面,化疗耐药性 HCC 的出现强调了需要新的高效治疗策略。免疫毒素是一种武装的、严格靶向的药物,可以有针对性地杀死癌细胞。与传统的化疗药物不同,免疫毒素由于靶向毒性、交叉耐药性小、易于生产等有利特性,可能是对抗 HCC 的理想候选药物。在这篇综述中,我们分析了用于免疫毒素靶向的适当 HCC 特异性生物标志物的特征。之后,我们讨论了为治疗肝癌而开发的首批免疫毒素。因此,通过回顾这些免疫毒素的优缺点,我们试图为设计针对 HCC 的最佳免疫毒素提供要点。