尼日利亚青少年和年轻成年人使用电子烟的情况：流行率、相关因素和使用模式。
Electronic cigarette use among adolescents and young adults in Nigeria: Prevalence, associated factors and patterns of use.
机构信息
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria.
Department of Preventive Dentistry, Lagos State University College of Medicine, Lagos, Nigeria.
出版信息
PLoS One. 2021 Oct 22;16(10):e0258850. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0258850. eCollection 2021.
BACKGROUND
Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) have emerged in the Nigerian market, and if used without supervision, may have damaging effects on the physical and mental health of users. Therefore, there is a need to determine the patterns of use, especially among adolescents and young adults. This study aims to assess the prevalence and factors associated with electronic cigarette use, as well as the relationship between their use and anxiety among adolescents and young adults in Lagos, Nigeria.
METHOD
An online cross-sectional study among participants aged between 15-35 years. The survey had three sections: sociodemographic information, the pattern of e-cigarette use, and a 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) scale. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with e-cigarette use. P-values <0.05 were considered significant. Statistical analysis was done using STATA-15.0 software.
RESULTS
Data from a total of 949 respondents was analysed. Participants had a mean age of 23.36 years (±3.97) and were predominantly female (55.64%). The prevalence of e-cigarette ever-use was 7.9% (95% CI: 5.8,10.0). Older age and being male were independently associated with higher odds of e-cigarette use. After adjusting for age and sex, alcohol use (p<0.001), friend's use (p<0.001), and other tobacco product or substance use (p:0.05) remained significantly associated with higher odds of e-cigarette use. There was no association between anxiety levels and e-cigarette use.
CONCLUSION
These findings suggest a higher likelihood of e-cigarette use among alcohol consumers, poly-tobacco or substance users and individuals with friends who use e-cigarettes. Health providers and policy makers in Nigeria might consider preventive measures aimed at young adults with the identified risk factors, as well as close monitoring of trends in e-cigarette use in the coming years.
背景
电子烟已在尼日利亚市场上出现，如果使用不当，可能会对用户的身心健康造成损害。因此，有必要确定其使用模式，尤其是在青少年和年轻成年人中。本研究旨在评估电子烟的使用频率和相关因素，以及电子烟使用与拉各斯青少年和年轻成年人焦虑之间的关系。
方法
在年龄在 15-35 岁之间的参与者中进行了一项在线横断面研究。该调查有三个部分：社会人口统计学信息、电子烟使用模式和一个包含 7 个项目的广泛性焦虑症（GAD-7）量表。使用二变量和多变量逻辑回归分析来确定与电子烟使用相关的因素。P 值<0.05 被认为具有统计学意义。使用 STATA-15.0 软件进行统计分析。
结果
共分析了 949 名受访者的数据。参与者的平均年龄为 23.36 岁（±3.97），主要为女性（55.64%）。电子烟曾经使用的患病率为 7.9%（95%CI：5.8,10.0）。年龄较大和男性是电子烟使用的独立危险因素。在调整年龄和性别后，饮酒（p<0.001）、朋友使用（p<0.001）和其他烟草产品或物质使用（p=0.05）与电子烟使用的可能性更高仍然显著相关。焦虑水平与电子烟使用之间没有关联。
结论
这些发现表明，在尼日利亚，电子烟使用的可能性更高的人群包括酒精消费者、多烟草或物质使用者以及有朋友使用电子烟的个体。尼日利亚的卫生保健提供者和政策制定者可能需要考虑针对有识别出的风险因素的年轻成年人的预防措施，以及在未来几年密切监测电子烟使用趋势。
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