University Cancer Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany; Hamburg Center for Health Economics, University of Hamburg, Germany.
Institute of General Practice, Addiction Research and Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Medical Faculty of the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Germany.
Addict Behav. 2022 Oct;133:107375. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2022.107375. Epub 2022 May 23.
Considering the growing popularity and rapid evolution of e-cigarettes, we examined e-cigarette use and tobacco smoking trends, and e-cigarette consumption patterns (i.e., device type, nicotine level) among adolescents and young adults in Germany.
Data from 26 waves of the German Study on Tobacco Use (DEBRA), a repeated cross-sectional nationwide household survey, were used to explore trends in the prevalence of ever e-cigarette use and tobacco smoking in a sample of adolescents (aged 14-17 years, N = 1,396) and young adults (aged 18-24 years, N = 4,685) between June/July 2016 and Aug/Sept 2020. Among current e-cigarette users (N = 208), consumption patterns were examined. Associations with e-cigarette use were analysed using multivariable regression.
Adolescent e-cigarette use increased from 9.2% in 2016 to 16.5% in 2017, decreased in 2018 to 8.3% and then gradually increased to 13.4% by 2020. Adolescent tobacco smoking followed a similar trend. Young adult e-cigarette use rates remained relatively stable at 19.1% on average, while tobacco smoking slowly declined (2016: 44.7%, 2020: 38.5%). More than half of current e-cigarette users used refillable-style e-cigarettes (59.4% adolescents; 68.4% young adults) and also smoked tobacco (62.5% adolescents; 79.4% young adults). About 41.6% of adolescents and 56.0% of young adults vaped with nicotine. Among young adults, men (OR = 1.5; 95%CI: 1.3-1.8) and former (OR = 9.6; 95%CI: 1.1-13.1) and current (OR = 10.7; 95%CI: 8.7-13.2) tobacco smokers were more likely to have vaped.
E-cigarette use continues to rise in German adolescents and young adults requiring targeted health interventions and campaigns aimed at preventing and/or reducing use in this population.
考虑到电子烟的日益普及和快速发展，我们研究了电子烟的使用情况以及青少年和年轻人在德国的吸烟趋势和电子烟消费模式（即设备类型、尼古丁含量）。
使用来自德国烟草使用研究（DEBRA）的 26 个波次的数据，这是一项重复的全国性家庭横断面调查，以探讨在 2016 年 6 月/7 月至 2020 年 8 月/9 月期间，青少年（年龄 14-17 岁，N=1396）和年轻成年人（年龄 18-24 岁，N=4685）样本中，电子烟使用和吸烟的流行率趋势。在当前使用电子烟的人群中（N=208），检查了消费模式。使用多变量回归分析电子烟使用的相关性。
青少年电子烟使用率从 2016 年的 9.2%增加到 2017 年的 16.5%，2018 年下降到 8.3%，然后逐渐增加到 2020 年的 13.4%。青少年吸烟也呈现出类似的趋势。年轻成年人电子烟使用率平均保持在 19.1%左右相对稳定，而吸烟率则缓慢下降（2016 年：44.7%，2020 年：38.5%）。当前使用电子烟的人群中，超过一半（青少年：59.4%；年轻成年人：68.4%）使用可填充式电子烟，同时也吸烟（青少年：62.5%；年轻成年人：79.4%）。大约 41.6%的青少年和 56.0%的年轻成年人吸食尼古丁电子烟。在年轻成年人中，男性（OR=1.5；95%CI：1.3-1.8）、曾经（OR=9.6；95%CI：1.1-13.1）和当前（OR=10.7；95%CI：8.7-13.2）吸烟者更有可能吸食电子烟。
电子烟在德国青少年和年轻人中的使用继续上升，需要有针对性的健康干预和宣传活动，以防止和/或减少这一人群的使用。
