Vargas-Arana Gabriel, Merino-Zegarra Claudia, Riquelme-Penaherrera Marcos, Nonato-Ramirez Luis, Delgado-Wong Henry, Pertino Mariano Walter, Parra Claudio, Simirgiotis Mario J
Laboratorio de Química de Productos Naturales, Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana, Av. Abelardo Quiñones km 2.5, Iquitos 16001, Peru.
Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad Nacional de la Amazonía Peruana, Iquitos 16001, Peru.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2021 Sep 30;10(10):1566. doi: 10.3390/antiox10101566.
Cocona fruits are a popular food and medicinal fruit used mainly in the Amazon and several countries of South America for the preparation of several food products such as drinks, jams and milk shakes. In this study five ecotypes of cocona native to Peru have been studied regarding their nutritional and antioxidants values plus antihyperlipidemic activities. Seventy bioactive compounds have been detected in Peruvian cocona ecotypes including several phenolic acids, aminoacids and flavonoids; of those six were spermidines, (peaks 1, 2, 25, 26, 38 and 39), thirteen were aminoacids, (peaks 3-9, 11-13, 16, 17, 22-24), eighteen flavonoids (peaks 28, 30-32 45,46, 48-53 56, 57, 61 and 64-66), twelve were phenolics (peaks 19, 21, 27, 29, 34, 35, 36, 42, 43, 44, 54, and 59), two carotenoids, (peak 62 and 63), eight were lipid derivatives (peaks 37, 55, 58, 60 and 67-70), one sugar (peak 47), four terpenes (peaks 33, 40, 41 and 47), two amides, (peaks 10 and 18), one aldehyde, (peak 15), and three saturated organic acids, (peaks 4, 5 and 20). Hypercholesterolemic rats administered with pulp of the ecotypes CTR and SRN9 showed the lowest cholesterol and triglyceride levels after treatment (126.74 ± 6.63; 102.11 ± 9.47; 58.16 ± 6.64; 61.05 ± 4.00 mg/dL, for cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein and low-density lipoprotein respectively, for the group treated with SRN9 pulp, and 130.09 ± 8.55; 108.51 ± 10.04; 57.30 ± 5.72; and 65.41 ± 7.68 mg/dL, for cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL and LDL lipoproteins respectively for the group treated with CTR pulp). The ecotypes proved to be good sources of natural antioxidants and their consumption represent an alternative for the prevention of atherosclerosis.
可可纳果是一种受欢迎的食用和药用水果，主要用于亚马逊地区和南美洲的几个国家，用于制作多种食品，如饮料、果酱和奶昔。在本研究中，对原产于秘鲁的五种可可纳生态型的营养、抗氧化剂价值以及抗高血脂活性进行了研究。在秘鲁可可纳生态型中检测到了70种生物活性化合物，包括几种酚酸、氨基酸和黄酮类化合物；其中六种是亚精胺（峰1、2、25、26、38和39），十三种是氨基酸（峰3 - 9、11 - 13、16、17、22 - 24），十八种黄酮类化合物（峰28、30 - 32、45、46、48 - 53、56、57、61和64 - 66），十二种是酚类化合物（峰19、21、27、29、34、35、36、42、43、44、54和59），两种类胡萝卜素（峰62和63），八种是脂质衍生物（峰37、55、58、60和67 - 70），一种糖（峰47），四种萜类化合物（峰33、40、41和47），两种酰胺（峰10和18），一种醛（峰15），以及三种饱和有机酸（峰4、5和20）。用CTR和SRN9生态型果肉处理的高胆固醇血症大鼠在治疗后胆固醇和甘油三酯水平最低（对于用SRN9果肉处理的组，胆固醇、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白和低密度脂蛋白分别为126.74±6.63；102.11±9.47；58.16±6.64；61.05±4.00mg/dL，对于用CTR果肉处理的组，胆固醇、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白和低密度脂蛋白分别为130.09±8.55；108.51±10.04；57.30±5.72；和65.41±7.68mg/dL）。这些生态型被证明是天然抗氧化剂的良好来源，食用它们是预防动脉粥样硬化的一种选择。
