Lange Jeannette C, Lange Anita, Knierim Ute
Farm Animal Behaviour and Husbandry Section, Faculty of Organic Agricultural Sciences, University of Kassel, Nordbahnhoftsr. 1a, 37213 Witzenhausen, Germany.
Department of Animal Sciences, Livestock Systems, Georg-August-University, Albrecht-Thaer-Weg 3, 37075 Göttingen, Germany.
Animals (Basel). 2021 Oct 10;11(10):2929. doi: 10.3390/ani11102929.
The welfare of male fattening pigs may be improved by refraining from castration, but may be compromised, in turn, by harmful social behaviour in groups of boars. In addition, boar taint may be problematic. This study aimed to evaluate these potential problems in boar fattening under commercial organic conditions. In total, 625 boars were compared with 433 barrows and 83 gilts regarding their social behaviour, lesions and lameness at 80 kg, before and after split marketing. The mixed-model analysis showed that significantly more short agonistic interactions, fights and mounting behaviours were observed in groups of boars. Agonistic interactions were reduced in spring/summer and when boars grew older. Fights and mounts were increased when boars had contact to female pigs in the neighbouring pen. No effect of split marketing, growth rate, homogeneity of groups, group size, feeding space and illumination hours could be detected. Increased interaction frequencies did not result in significantly more skin lesions, lameness, treatments or mortality. Increased space allowance reduced skin lesions. On 9.8% of the dissected boars' penises, wounds were detected; they were absent on two farms with generous litter provision. Boar taint prevalence, as detected by human nose method, was 1.44%. Under the studied organic husbandry conditions, boar fattening appears to be practicable, although penile injuries should be monitored at slaughter.
不进行阉割或许能改善育肥公猪的福利,但公猪群体中的有害社会行为可能会对其福利造成损害。此外,公猪膻味可能是个问题。本研究旨在评估在商业有机养殖条件下公猪育肥过程中的这些潜在问题。总共将625头公猪与433头去势公猪和83头后备母猪在体重达80千克时、分阶段销售前后的社会行为、损伤和跛足情况进行了比较。混合模型分析表明,在公猪群体中观察到的短时间攻击性行为、打斗和爬跨行为明显更多。春季/夏季以及公猪年龄增长时,攻击性行为会减少。当公猪与相邻栏舍中的母猪接触时,打斗和爬跨行为会增加。未发现分阶段销售、生长速度、群体同质性、群体规模、饲养空间和光照时长有任何影响。互动频率增加并未导致皮肤损伤、跛足、治疗次数或死亡率显著增加。增加空间供应量可减少皮肤损伤。在解剖的公猪阴茎中,9.8%检测到有伤口;在两个提供大量垫料的农场中未发现此类伤口。通过人鼻闻嗅法检测到的公猪膻味发生率为1.44%。在所研究的有机养殖条件下,公猪育肥似乎是可行的,不过在屠宰时应监测阴茎损伤情况。