Radojicic Sonja, Zivulj Aleksandar, Petrovic Tamas, Nisavic Jakov, Milicevic Vesna, Sipetic-Grujicic Sandra, Misic Dusan, Korzeniowska Malgorzata, Stanojevic Slavoljub
Department of Infectious Animal Diseases and Diseases of Bees, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Oslobođenja 18, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
Veterinary Specialist Institute Pancevo, Novoseljanski Put 33, 13000 Pancevo, Serbia.
Animals (Basel). 2021 Oct 13;11(10):2951. doi: 10.3390/ani11102951.
West Nile virus (WNV) is an arthropod-born pathogen, which is transmitted from wild birds through mosquitoes to humans and animals. At the end of the 20th century, the first West Nile fever (WNF) outbreaks among humans in urban environments in Eastern Europe and the United States were reported. The disease continued to spread to other parts of the continents. In Serbia, the largest number of WNV-infected people was recorded in 2018. This research used spatial statistics to identify clusters of WNV infection in humans and animals in South Banat County, Serbia. The occurrence of WNV infection and risk factors were analyzed using a negative binomial regression model. Our research indicated that climatic factors were the main determinant of WNV distribution and were predictors of endemicity. Precipitation and water levels of rivers had an important influence on mosquito abundance and affected the habitats of wild birds, which are important for maintaining the virus in nature. We found that the maximum temperature of the warmest part of the year and the annual temperature range; and hydrographic variables, e.g., the presence of rivers and water streams were the best environmental predictors of WNF outbreaks in South Banat County.
西尼罗河病毒（WNV）是一种节肢动物传播的病原体，它从野生鸟类通过蚊子传播给人类和动物。在20世纪末，东欧和美国城市环境中首次报告了人类西尼罗河热（WNF）疫情。该疾病继续蔓延到各大洲的其他地区。在塞尔维亚，2018年记录的西尼罗河病毒感染人数最多。本研究使用空间统计方法来识别塞尔维亚南巴纳特县人类和动物中WNV感染的聚集情况。使用负二项回归模型分析了WNV感染的发生情况和危险因素。我们的研究表明，气候因素是WNV分布的主要决定因素，也是地方病的预测指标。降水和河流的水位对蚊子数量有重要影响，并影响野生鸟类的栖息地，而野生鸟类对于在自然界中维持病毒很重要。我们发现，一年中最温暖时段的最高温度和年温度范围；以及水文变量，例如河流和溪流的存在，是南巴纳特县WNF疫情的最佳环境预测指标。
