Skin Biology Laboratory, Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
Clinic for Poultry and Fish Medicine, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria.
Genes (Basel). 2021 Sep 30;12(10):1565. doi: 10.3390/genes12101565.
Transglutaminase 1 (TGM1) is a membrane-anchored enzyme that cross-links proteins during terminal differentiation of epidermal and esophageal keratinocytes in mammals. The current genome assembly of the chicken, which is a major model for avian skin biology, does not include an annotated region corresponding to . To close this gap of knowledge about the genetic control of avian cornification, we analyzed RNA-sequencing reads from organotypic chicken skin and identified mRNA. By RT-PCR, we demonstrated that is expressed in the skin and esophagus of chickens. The cysteine-rich sequence motif required for palmitoylation and membrane anchorage is conserved in the chicken TGM1 protein, and differentiated chicken keratinocytes display membrane-associated transglutaminase activity. Expression of and prominent transglutaminase activity in the esophageal epithelium was also demonstrated in the zebra finch. Altogether, the results of this study indicate that is conserved among birds and suggest that chicken keratinocytes may be a useful model for the study of TGM1 in non-mammalian cornification.
转谷氨酰胺酶 1（TGM1）是一种膜结合酶，在哺乳动物表皮和食管角质形成细胞的终末分化过程中交联蛋白质。鸡的当前基因组组装不包括对应于的注释区域。为了填补关于禽类角质形成遗传控制的这一知识空白，我们分析了器官型鸡皮的 RNA 测序读数，并鉴定了 mRNA。通过 RT-PCR，我们证明在鸡的皮肤和食管中表达。在鸡 TGM1 蛋白中保守了用于棕榈酰化和膜锚定的富含半胱氨酸的序列基序，并且分化的鸡角质形成细胞显示出膜相关的转谷氨酰胺酶活性。在斑马雀中也证明了在食管上皮中的表达和明显的转谷氨酰胺酶活性。总之，这项研究的结果表明在鸟类中保守，并且表明鸡角质形成细胞可能是研究非哺乳动物角质形成中 TGM1 的有用模型。
