Key Laboratory for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
Fujian Collegiate Key Laboratory of Applied Plant Genetics, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
Genes (Basel). 2021 Oct 14;12(10):1613. doi: 10.3390/genes12101613.
Barley awns are highly active in photosynthesis and account for 30-50% of grain weight in barley. They are diverse in length, ranging from long to awnless, and in shape from straight to hooded or crooked. Their diversity and importance have intrigued geneticists for several decades. A large collection of awnness mutants are available-over a dozen of them have been mapped on chromosomes and a few recently cloned. Different awnness genes interact with each other to produce diverse awn phenotypes. With the availability of the sequenced barley genome and application of new mapping and gene cloning strategies, it will now be possible to identify and clone more awnness genes. A better understanding of the genetic basis of awn diversity will greatly facilitate development of new barley cultivars with improved yield, adaptability and sustainability.
大麦芒高度活跃于光合作用，占大麦籽粒重量的 30-50%。它们在长度上差异很大，从长芒到无芒，在形状上从直芒到帽状芒或弯芒。几十年来，它们的多样性和重要性一直引起遗传学家的兴趣。目前有大量的芒突变体可供使用——其中十多个已经被定位在染色体上，还有少数最近被克隆。不同的芒性基因相互作用，产生不同的芒表型。随着测序的大麦基因组的出现和新的图谱和基因克隆策略的应用，现在有可能识别和克隆更多的芒性基因。更好地理解芒多样性的遗传基础将极大地促进具有更高产量、适应性和可持续性的新型大麦品种的开发。
