Sadaka Yair, Freedman Judah, Ashkenazi Shai, Vinker Shlomo, Golan-Cohen Avivit, Green Ilan, Israel Ariel, Eran Alal, Merzon Eugene
The Joyce and Irving Goldman Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8443944, Israel.
Neuro-Developmental Research Center, Mental Health Institute, Beer Sheva 8461144, Israel.
Children (Basel). 2021 Oct 2;8(10):880. doi: 10.3390/children8100880.
It has recently been shown that children with early shigellosis are at increased risk of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). This study aimed to evaluate the association between antibiotic treatment of shigellosis with long-term ADHD rates. A retrospective cohort study was conducted that included all the Leumit Health Services (LHS) enrollees aged 5-18 years between 2000-2018 with a documented -positive gastroenteritis before the age of 3 years. Of the 5176 children who were positive for gastroenteritis before the age of 3 years, 972 (18.8%) were treated with antibiotics early (<5 days), 250 (4.8%) were treated late (≥5 days), and 3954 children (76.4%) were not prescribed antibiotics. Late antibiotic treatment was associated with significantly increased rates of ADHD (adjusted OR = 1.61; 95% CI, 1.1-2.3). Early treatment with antibiotics was not associated with increased ADHD rates (adjusted OR = 1.02; 95% CI, 0.8-1.3). In conclusion, late antibiotic treatment of early childhood shigellosis was associated with increased rates of ADHD.
最近有研究表明，患有早期志贺氏菌病的儿童患注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的风险增加。本研究旨在评估志贺氏菌病的抗生素治疗与长期ADHD发病率之间的关联。我们进行了一项回顾性队列研究，纳入了2000年至2018年间所有年龄在5至18岁、3岁前有记录的阳性肠胃炎的Leumit健康服务（LHS）参保者。在3岁前肠胃炎呈阳性的5176名儿童中，972名（18.8%）早期接受了抗生素治疗（<5天），250名（4.8%）晚期接受了抗生素治疗（≥5天），3954名儿童（76.4%）未使用抗生素。晚期抗生素治疗与ADHD发病率显著增加相关（调整后的OR = 1.61；95% CI，1.1 - 2.3）。早期使用抗生素治疗与ADHD发病率增加无关（调整后的OR = 1.02；95% CI，0.8 - 1.3）。总之，幼儿志贺氏菌病的晚期抗生素治疗与ADHD发病率增加有关。
