Hsu Chien-Ning, Tain You-Lin
Department of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan.
School of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
Healthcare (Basel). 2021 Oct 6;9(10):1332. doi: 10.3390/healthcare9101332.
The global burden of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is rising. A superior strategy to advance global kidney health is required to prevent and treat CKD early. Kidney development can be impacted during the first 1000 days of life by numerous factors, including malnutrition, maternal illness, exposure to chemicals, substance abuse, medication use, infection, and exogenous stress. In the current review, we summarize environmental risk factors reported thus far in clinical and experimental studies relating to the programming of kidney disease, and systematize the knowledge on common mechanisms underlying renal programming. The aim of this review is to discuss the primary and secondary prevention actions for enhancing kidney health from pregnancy to age 2. The final task is to address the potential interventions to target renal programming through updating animal studies. Together, we can enhance the future of global kidney health in the first 1000 days of life.
慢性肾脏病（CKD）的全球负担正在上升。需要一种更优策略来推进全球肾脏健康，以便早期预防和治疗CKD。在生命的最初1000天里，肾脏发育会受到多种因素的影响，包括营养不良、母亲患病、接触化学物质、药物滥用、用药、感染和外源性应激。在本综述中，我们总结了迄今为止临床和实验研究中报道的与肾病编程相关的环境危险因素，并对肾脏编程潜在共同机制的知识进行了系统化梳理。本综述的目的是讨论从怀孕到2岁期间促进肾脏健康的一级和二级预防措施。最后一项任务是通过更新动物研究来探讨针对肾脏编程的潜在干预措施。我们共同努力，可以改善生命最初1000天里全球肾脏健康的未来。
