Section for Comparative Pediatrics and Nutrition, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1870 Frederiksberg, Denmark.
Section for Production, Nutrition and Health, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1870 Frederiksberg, Denmark.
Nutrients. 2021 Sep 22;13(10):3310. doi: 10.3390/nu13103310.
Infant formulas offer an alternative to breast milk for both normal birth weight (NBW) and immunocompromised intrauterine growth restricted (IUGR) infants. Although the lipid fraction in formulas is often derived from vegetable oils, it is unclear if this alters immunological outcomes relative to milk fats or whether these effects differ between IUGR and NBW infants. We hypothesized that replacing vegetable oil with bovine milk fat in infant formula would improve immune development in IUGR and NBW neonates. Two-day old piglets were selected (NBW, = 18, IUGR, = 18) and each group of animals were fed formula based on either vegetable oil (VEG) or bovine milk fat (MILK). Animals were reared until day 23/24 and systemic immune parameters were evaluated. Milk-fat feeding decreased blood neutrophil counts and improved neutrophil function while transiently reducing leucocytes' expression of genes related to adaptive and innate immunity as well as energy metabolism, following in vitro stimulation by live (whole blood, 2 h). However, there were only a few interactions between milk-fat type and birthweight status. Thus, piglets fed milk-fat-based formula had improved neutrophil maturation and suppressed pro-inflammatory responses, compared to those fed vegetable-oil-based formula.
婴儿配方奶粉为正常出生体重（NBW）和免疫功能低下的宫内生长受限（IUGR）婴儿提供了母乳的替代选择。虽然配方奶粉中的脂质部分通常来自植物油，但目前尚不清楚这是否会改变相对于乳脂的免疫结果，或者这些影响是否在 IUGR 和 NBW 婴儿之间存在差异。我们假设用牛奶脂肪代替婴儿配方奶粉中的植物油会改善 IUGR 和 NBW 新生儿的免疫发育。选择 2 天大的仔猪（NBW，n=18，IUGR，n=18），并将每组动物分别喂食基于植物油（VEG）或牛奶脂肪（MILK）的配方奶粉。动物饲养至第 23/24 天，并评估全身免疫参数。与喂食植物油的配方相比，牛奶脂肪喂养降低了血液中性粒细胞计数，并改善了中性粒细胞功能，同时还短暂地降低了白细胞中与适应性和先天性免疫以及能量代谢相关的基因的表达，这是在体外受到 （全血，2 小时）刺激后的结果。然而，牛奶脂肪类型和出生体重状态之间只有少数相互作用。因此，与喂食植物油配方的仔猪相比，喂食基于牛奶脂肪的配方的仔猪的中性粒细胞成熟度提高，促炎反应受到抑制。
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