Abdelhameed Reda F A, Elhady Sameh S, Sirwi Alaa, Samir Hanan, Ibrahim Elsayed A, Thomford Ama Kyeraa, El Gindy Alaa, Hadad Ghada M, Badr Jihan M, Nafie Mohamed S
Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt.
Department of Natural Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
Plants (Basel). 2021 Oct 11;10(10):2156. doi: 10.3390/plants10102156.
The current study was designed to investigate the antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of whole-plant extract. The total phenolic content was determined using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent and found to be 980.1 mg/g, calculated as gallic acid equivalents. The antioxidant capacity was estimated for the crude extract and the phenolic portion of , whereupon both revealed a dose-dependent scavenging rate of DPPH with EC values of 36.33 and 11.14 µg/mL, respectively. Chemical profiling of the plant extract was achieved by LC-ESI-TOF-MS/MS analysis, where 17 compounds were assigned, including ten compounds detected in the negative mode and seven detected in the positive mode. The phenolic portion exhibited promising cytotoxic activity against MCF-7 and HepG2 cells, with IC values of 16.67 and 13.51 μg/mL, respectively. Phenolic extract treatment caused apoptosis in MCF-7 cells, with total apoptotic cell death 18.45-fold higher compared to untreated controls, arresting the cell cycle at G2/M by increasing the G2 population by 39.7%, compared to 19.35% for the control. The apoptotic investigation was further validated by the upregulation of proapoptotic genes of P53, Bax, and caspases-3,8 9, and the downregulation of Bcl-2 as the anti-apoptotic gene. Bcl-2 inhibition was also virtualized by good binding interactions through a molecular docking study. Taken together, phenolic extract exhibited promising cytotoxic activity in MCF-7 cells through apoptosis induction and antioxidant activation, so further fractionation studies are recommended for the phenolic extract for specifying the most active compound to be developed as a novel anti-cancer agent.
本研究旨在调查全株提取物的抗氧化和细胞毒性活性。使用福林-酚试剂测定总酚含量,发现其为980.1mg/g,以没食子酸当量计算。对粗提取物及其酚类部分的抗氧化能力进行了评估,结果显示二者对DPPH的清除率均呈剂量依赖性,EC值分别为36.33和11.14μg/mL。通过液相色谱-电喷雾电离-飞行时间串联质谱(LC-ESI-TOF-MS/MS)分析对植物提取物进行了化学分析,确定了17种化合物,其中包括在负离子模式下检测到的10种化合物和在正离子模式下检测到的7种化合物。酚类部分对MCF-7和HepG2细胞表现出有前景的细胞毒性活性,IC值分别为16.67和13.51μg/mL。酚类提取物处理导致MCF-7细胞凋亡,总凋亡细胞死亡比未处理的对照高18.45倍,使细胞周期停滞在G2/M期,G2期细胞比例增加39.7%,而对照为19.35%。通过上调促凋亡基因P53、Bax和半胱天冬酶-3、8、9以及下调抗凋亡基因Bcl-2进一步验证了凋亡研究。通过分子对接研究,良好的结合相互作用也证实了Bcl-2的抑制作用。综上所述,酚类提取物通过诱导凋亡和激活抗氧化作用在MCF-7细胞中表现出有前景的细胞毒性活性,因此建议对酚类提取物进行进一步的分级分离研究,以确定最具活性的化合物,开发成新型抗癌药物。