The Goulandris Natural History Museum, Greek Biotope/Wetland Centre, 14th km Thessaloniki-Mihaniona, 57001, Thermi, Greece.
Department of Zoology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Environ Monit Assess. 2021 Oct 23;193(11):745. doi: 10.1007/s10661-021-09493-1.
A new multimetric index (HeLLBI) based on littoral benthic macroinvertebrates is presented in this paper for classification of Greek natural lakes, in compliance with the requirements of Water Framework Directive (WFD). The method was developed based on the collection of littoral benthic invertebrate fauna and environmental data from 109 sampling sites in 21 natural lakes of the Greek National Water Monitoring Network. We focused the analysis on the effects of shore morphological alterations and eutrophication to the littoral invertebrate fauna, identified to family level, except oligochaetes, which were identified as a class, and more particularly to taxonomic composition and abundance, to taxa sensitivity, and to richness/diversity. Three metrics were included in the multimeric index: the relative abundance of Odonata classes, the Average Score per Taxon, and the Simpson's diversity index. The metrics were converted to ecological quality ratios and ecological class boundaries were defined. The final multimetric index HeLLBI is expressed as an arithmetic average of normalized ecological quality ratios of the above metrics and a final score was assigned to each lake. Pressure-response relationships of HeLLBI scores were statistically tested for morphological alterations, expressed as percentage of artificial shoreline, and eutrophication, expressed as total phosphorus. The HeLLBI scores correspond to ecological classes, according to WFD, and sampling sites with different ecological status contained distinct biological communities; those at high status where more diverse and with sensitive taxa and as the water quality deteriorated, macroinvertebrate assemblages consisted of fewer and more tolerant to degradation taxa. The HeLLBI method gave a reliable assessment of littoral benthic invertebrate fauna of Greek natural lakes and could be a useful tool for the classification of ecological status of other Mediterranean lakes.
本文提出了一种基于滨海底栖大型无脊椎动物的新多指标指数（HeLLBI），用于根据《水框架指令》（WFD）的要求对希腊天然湖泊进行分类。该方法是基于从希腊国家水监测网络的 21 个天然湖泊的 109 个采样点收集的滨海底栖无脊椎动物区系和环境数据开发的。我们将分析重点放在海岸形态改变和富营养化对滨海无脊椎动物区系的影响上，除寡毛纲外，将其鉴定为一个纲，更具体地说，是对分类组成和丰度、对分类单元敏感性以及对丰富度/多样性的影响。多指标指数包括三个指标：蜻蜓目类的相对丰度、每个分类单元的平均得分和辛普森多样性指数。将这些指标转换为生态质量比，并定义生态类别边界。最终的多指标指数 HeLLBI 表示为上述指标归一化生态质量比的算术平均值，并为每个湖泊分配最终得分。HeLLBI 得分的压力-响应关系分别针对形态改变（表示为人工海岸线的百分比）和富营养化（表示为总磷）进行了统计检验。HeLLBI 得分对应于 WFD 的生态类别，具有不同生态状况的采样点包含不同的生物群落；在高状态下，生物多样性更高，具有敏感分类单元，随着水质恶化，大型无脊椎动物群落的分类单元数量减少，对退化的耐受性增强。HeLLBI 方法对希腊天然湖泊的滨海底栖无脊椎动物区系进行了可靠的评估，并且可以成为分类其他地中海湖泊生态状况的有用工具。
