Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
College of Medicine, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA.
Am J Clin Dermatol. 2022 Jan;23(1):27-36. doi: 10.1007/s40257-021-00647-y. Epub 2021 Oct 23.
Diet has long been understood to have an intricate association with atopic dermatitis, although much remains unelucidated. Skin barrier dysfunction with dysbiosis and consequent impairment of immune tolerance likely underly the pathogenesis of coincident atopic dermatitis and food allergy. There is a wide range of possible skin reactions to food, complicating the diagnosis and understanding of food allergies. Many patients, parents, and providers incorrectly suspect diet as causative of atopic dermatitis symptoms and many have tried elimination diets. This frequently leads to inaccurate labeling of food allergies, contributing to a dangerous spiral of inappropriate testing, referrals, and dietary changes, while neglecting established atopic dermatitis treatment essentials. Alternatively, certain dietary supplements or the introduction of certain foods may be beneficial for atopic dermatitis management or prevention. Greater consensus on the role of diet among providers of patients with atopic dermatitis is strongly encouraged to improve the management of atopic dermatitis.
饮食与特应性皮炎之间的关系一直以来都非常复杂，尽管其中仍有许多未解之谜。皮肤屏障功能障碍与微生态失调和随之而来的免疫耐受受损可能是特应性皮炎和食物过敏同时发生的发病机制。食物可能引起广泛的皮肤反应，这使得食物过敏的诊断和理解变得复杂。许多患者、家长和医务人员错误地怀疑饮食是特应性皮炎症状的原因，并且许多人已经尝试了饮食排除法。这常常导致食物过敏的不准确标记，导致不必要的测试、转诊和饮食改变的危险螺旋，同时忽略了已确立的特应性皮炎治疗要点。另一方面，某些膳食补充剂或某些食物的引入可能有益于特应性皮炎的管理或预防。强烈鼓励特应性皮炎患者的医务人员就饮食的作用达成更大共识，以改善特应性皮炎的管理。
