Chen Xi, Liu Zhixin, Sachdev Perminder S, Kochan Nicole A, O'Leary Fiona, Brodaty Henry
Dementia Centre for Research Collaboration, School of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, the University of New South Wales, New South Wales, Australia.
Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, the University of New South Wales, New South Wales, Australia.
J Acad Nutr Diet. 2022 May;122(5):949-960.e15. doi: 10.1016/j.jand.2021.10.018. Epub 2021 Oct 22.
The relationship of dietary patterns to cognitive health in older adults has attracted much research attention. However, results from existing studies are inconclusive.
The aim of this study was to investigate the association between dietary patterns and overall cognitive performance and cognitive change over time.
This analysis was conducted as part of the longitudinal Sydney Memory and Ageing study with 6 years' follow-up. Mediterranean diet and Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet scores were generated based on dietary intake for each individual, assessed by the Dietary Questionnaire for Epidemiological Studies Version 2.
PARTICIPANTS/SETTING: This longitudinal study comprised 1037 community dwelling nondemented participants aged 70 to 90 years at baseline (September 2005 to December 2007), recruited from Sydney, Australia.
Neuropsychological tests assessed global cognition and 6 cognitive domains on 4 occasions, at baseline and 2, 4, and 6 years later.
Linear mixed-model analyses were conducted to examine the relationship between dietary scores, food components, and overall cognitive function and cognitive change over 6 years.
No associations of Mediterranean or Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension dietary scores with overall cognition and cognitive decline over 6 years were found. Higher intake of legumes and nuts was related to better overall performance in global cognition (β = .091; 95% CI: 0.035-0.146; P = .001) and to multiple cognitive domains and to less decline in global cognition (β = -.016; 95% CI: -0.032 to -0.001; P = .032).
Study findings suggest that greater consumption of legumes and nuts may be important to slow cognitive decline with age.
老年人的饮食模式与认知健康之间的关系已引起众多研究关注。然而，现有研究结果尚无定论。
本研究旨在探讨饮食模式与总体认知表现以及随时间推移的认知变化之间的关联。
本分析是纵向悉尼记忆与衰老研究的一部分，随访期为6年。根据通过《流行病学研究膳食问卷》第2版评估的个体饮食摄入量，得出地中海饮食和终止高血压膳食方法饮食评分。
参与者/研究地点：这项纵向研究纳入了1037名居住在社区的非痴呆参与者，他们在基线时（2005年9月至2007年12月）年龄为70至90岁，从澳大利亚悉尼招募。
在基线以及2年、4年和6年后，通过神经心理学测试在4个时间点评估总体认知和6个认知领域。
采用线性混合模型分析来检验饮食评分、食物成分与6年期间总体认知功能和认知变化之间的关系。
未发现地中海饮食或终止高血压膳食方法饮食评分与6年期间的总体认知和认知衰退之间存在关联。豆类和坚果摄入量较高与总体认知方面更好的总体表现相关（β = 0.091；95%置信区间：0.035 - 0.146；P = 0.001），与多个认知领域相关，并且与总体认知衰退较少相关（β = -0.016；95%置信区间：-0.032至-0.001；P = 0.032）。
研究结果表明，增加豆类和坚果的摄入量对于减缓随年龄增长的认知衰退可能很重要。
