Molnar Danielle S, Methot-Jones Tabitha, Moore Jessy, O'Leary Deborah D, Wade Terrance J
Department of Child and Youth Studies, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1 Canada.
Department of Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON Canada.
J Ration Emot Cogn Behav Ther. 2022;40(3):474-492. doi: 10.1007/s10942-021-00423-1. Epub 2021 Oct 20.
This study employed a two-wave cross-lagged panel analysis to examine associations between perfectionistic cognitions, anxiety, and depression pre-pandemic to during the pandemic in a sample of 171 (57% female, = 98) emerging adults. Results demonstrated that perfectionistic cognitions decreased, anxiety increased, and depressive symptoms did not change pre-pandemic to during the pandemic. Cross-lagged results indicated that pre-pandemic perfectionistic cognitions predicted higher levels of anxiety symptoms (but not depressive symptoms) during the pandemic after accounting for pre-pandemic levels of anxiety and depressive symptoms. These results held with the inclusion of covariates (i.e., sex, age, education, exposure to COVID-19, whether or not participants knew someone diagnosed with COVID-19, had lost income due to the pandemic, and how often they thought about COVID-19). Psychological distress (i.e., anxiety and depressive symptoms) pre-pandemic did not predict perfectionistic cognitions during the pandemic after accounting for pre-pandemic levels of perfectionistic cognitions. Results support assertions that individuals with heightened levels of perfectionism are at an increased risk for poorer mental health during the pandemic. Findings underscore the importance of assessing perfectionistic cognitions for the prevention and treatment of anxiety symptoms among emerging adults during and post-pandemic.
本研究采用两波交叉滞后面板分析，以检验171名（57%为女性，(n) = 98）新兴成年人在疫情前到疫情期间的完美主义认知、焦虑和抑郁之间的关联。结果表明，从疫情前到疫情期间，完美主义认知减少，焦虑增加，抑郁症状没有变化。交叉滞后结果表明，在考虑了疫情前的焦虑和抑郁症状水平后，疫情前的完美主义认知预测了疫情期间更高水平的焦虑症状（但不是抑郁症状）。在纳入协变量（即性别、年龄、教育程度、接触新冠病毒情况、参与者是否认识被诊断感染新冠病毒的人、是否因疫情失去收入以及他们思考新冠病毒的频率）后，这些结果依然成立。在考虑了疫情前的完美主义认知水平后，疫情前的心理困扰（即焦虑和抑郁症状）并不能预测疫情期间的完美主义认知。结果支持了这样的观点，即完美主义水平较高的个体在疫情期间心理健康状况较差的风险增加。研究结果强调了在疫情期间及之后评估新兴成年人的完美主义认知对于预防和治疗焦虑症状的重要性。
