Pai Ming-Chyi, Yang Chiu-Jun, Fan Sheng-Yu
Institute of Gerontology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
Division of Behavioral Neurology, Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
Front Psychiatry. 2021 Oct 7;12:728344. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.728344. eCollection 2021.
Time perception is a subjective experience or sense of time. Previous studies have shown that Alzheimer's dementia (AD) patients have time perception deficits compared to a cognitively unimpaired control group (CU). There are only a few studies on dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) patients' time perception in comparison with CU and AD patients. Early intervention and prescription of the right medicine may delay the deterioration of AD and DLB, moreover, knowing how prodromal AD (prAD) and prodromal DLB's (prDLB) time perception differ from each other might be helpful for future understanding of these two dementias. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to explore the difference in time perception performance between prodromal AD and prodromal DLB. We invited people diagnosed with prAD, prDLB, and CU to participate in this study. Tests of verbal estimation of time and time interval production were used to assess their time perception. We analyzed the average time estimation (ATE), absolute error score (ABS), coefficient of variance (CV), and subjective temporal unit (STU) within the three groups. A total of 40 prAD, 30 prDLB, and 47 CU completed the study. In the verbal estimation test, the CV for the prAD was higher than both prDLB and CU at the 9 s interval, and the CV of prAD was higher than CU at the 27 s interval. In the time interval production test, the subjective time units of prDLB were higher than prAD at the 10 s interval, while those of both prDLB and CU were higher than prAD at the 30 s interval. The percentage of subjects with STU < 1.0 s, indicating overestimation, was higher in prAD than both prDLB and CU. Time perception of prAD patients showed imprecision and overestimation of time, while prDLB tended to underestimate time intervals. No significant difference was found in accuracy among the three groups. It is speculated that the clinical and pathological severity of the two prodromal dementia stages may be different, and some patients have not yet had their time perception affected.
时间感知是一种主观体验或对时间的感觉。先前的研究表明，与认知未受损的对照组（CU）相比，阿尔茨海默病痴呆（AD）患者存在时间感知缺陷。与CU和AD患者相比，关于路易体痴呆（DLB）患者时间感知的研究较少。早期干预和正确药物的处方可能会延缓AD和DLB的恶化，此外，了解前驱期AD（prAD）和前驱期DLB（prDLB）的时间感知如何相互不同，可能有助于未来对这两种痴呆症的理解。因此，本研究的目的是探讨前驱期AD和前驱期DLB在时间感知表现上的差异。我们邀请了被诊断为prAD、prDLB和CU的人参与本研究。使用时间的言语估计和时间间隔生成测试来评估他们的时间感知。我们分析了三组内的平均时间估计（ATE）、绝对误差分数（ABS）、变异系数（CV）和主观时间单位（STU）。共有40名prAD、30名prDLB和47名CU完成了研究。在言语估计测试中，prAD在9秒间隔时的CV高于prDLB和CU两者，prAD在27秒间隔时的CV高于CU。在时间间隔生成测试中，prDLB在10秒间隔时的主观时间单位高于prAD，而prDLB和CU在30秒间隔时的主观时间单位均高于prAD。STU < 1.0秒（表明高估）的受试者百分比在prAD中高于prDLB和CU两者。prAD患者的时间感知表现出不精确和对时间的高估，而prDLB倾向于低估时间间隔。三组之间在准确性方面未发现显著差异。据推测，两个前驱期痴呆阶段的临床和病理严重程度可能不同，并且一些患者的时间感知尚未受到影响。
