National Centre for Youth Substance Use Research, Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia.
School of Psychology, Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia.
JAMA Pediatr. 2022 Jan 1;176(1):42-51. doi: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2021.4102.
Vaping products were initially designed to deliver nicotine as a tobacco cigarette substitute (eg, electronic cigarettes) but are now frequently used to deliver psychoactive substances, such as cannabis and its derivatives. Large, nationally representative surveys, such as Monitoring the Future, found that approximately 1 in 3 grade-12 students vaped cannabis in 2018 alone.
To summarize the findings of epidemiological studies that reported the global prevalence of cannabis vaping in adolescents by survey year and school grades.
PubMed, PsycINFO, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched systematically on August 19, 2020, for studies published globally between January 1, 2003, and August 19, 2020.
Publications that reported the prevalence of cannabis vaping in adolescents in the general population were included.
Study characteristics and prevalence estimates were extracted from each article. Random-effects meta-analysis based on the DerSimonian and Laird method and meta-regression were performed on lifetime, 12-month, and 30-day prevalence estimates. Meta-regression was also conducted using survey year and school grades as moderators.
Prevalence of cannabis vaping.
Seventeen studies met the eligibility criteria (n = 198 845 adolescents). Although no restrictions were imposed on study location, all 17 studies were from the US and Canada. Across all school grades, the pooled prevalence increased for lifetime use (6.1% in 2013-2016 to 13.6% in 2019-2020), use in the past 12 months (7.2% in 2017-2018 to 13.2% in 2019-2020), and use in the past 30 days (1.6% in 2013-2016 to 8.4% in 2019-2020). Heterogeneity across studies was large. The limited evidence from studies using similar survey and study designs suggested that adolescents' preference for cannabis products other than dried herbs, which usually contain higher Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol levels, may have shifted over time.
The findings of this study suggest that the prevalence of cannabis vaping has increased among adolescents in the US and Canada and that more effective preventive and response measures are required.
PROSPERO Identifier: CRD42020219644.
最初，蒸气产品被设计为替代尼古丁的烟草香烟产品（例如电子烟），但现在经常被用于输送精神活性物质，如大麻及其衍生物。大型、具有全国代表性的监测未来调查发现，仅在 2018 年，就有大约 1/3 的 12 年级学生吸食过大麻。
总结报告青少年大麻蒸气全球流行率的流行病学研究结果，按调查年份和学校年级划分。
2020 年 8 月 19 日，通过PubMed、PsycINFO、Scopus 和 Web of Science 系统地检索了全球范围内 2003 年 1 月 1 日至 2020 年 8 月 19 日期间发表的研究。
纳入了报告一般人群中青少年吸食大麻蒸气流行率的研究。
从每篇文章中提取研究特征和流行率估计值。采用 DerSimonian 和 Laird 方法的随机效应荟萃分析和荟萃回归对终生、12 个月和 30 天的流行率估计值进行了分析。还使用调查年份和学校年级作为调节变量进行了荟萃回归分析。
大麻蒸气的流行率。
符合入选标准的 17 项研究（n=198845 名青少年）。尽管对研究地点没有限制，但所有 17 项研究均来自美国和加拿大。在所有年级中，终生使用的流行率均有所增加（2013-2016 年为 6.1%，2019-2020 年为 13.6%），过去 12 个月使用的流行率（2017-2018 年为 7.2%，2019-2020 年为 13.2%）和过去 30 天使用的流行率（2013-2016 年为 1.6%，2019-2020 年为 8.4%）。研究之间的异质性很大。来自使用类似调查和研究设计的研究的有限证据表明，青少年对除干草药以外的大麻产品的偏好可能随着时间的推移而发生了变化，这些产品通常含有更高水平的Δ9-四氢大麻酚。
这项研究的结果表明，美国和加拿大青少年吸食大麻蒸气的流行率有所上升，需要采取更有效的预防和应对措施。
PROSPERO 标识符：CRD42020219644。
