Department of Medicine II, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
Department of General-, Visceral- and Transplantation-Surgery, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
Dig Dis. 2022;40(5):581-595. doi: 10.1159/000520346. Epub 2021 Oct 25.
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a highly aggressive malignancy, and its incidence seems to be increasing over the last years. Given the high rate of irresectability at the time of initial diagnosis, new treatment approaches are important to achieve better patient outcomes. Our review provides an overview of current multimodal therapy options across different specialties of gastroenterology/oncology, surgery, and interventional radiology.
CCA is subdivided into clinically and molecularly distinct phenotypes. Surgical treatment currently is the only potentially curative therapy, but unfortunately, the majority of all patients are not eligible for resection at the time of initial diagnosis due to anatomic location, inadequate hepatic reserve, metastatic disease, or limiting comorbidities. However, multimodal treatment options are available to prolong survival, relieve symptoms, and maintain life quality.
The treatment of CCA is complex and requires close interdisciplinary collaboration and individualized treatment planning to ensure optimal patient care at specialized centers. Molecular profiling of patients and inclusion into clinical trials is highly recommended.
胆管癌（CCA）是一种高度侵袭性的恶性肿瘤，近年来其发病率似乎有所上升。鉴于初始诊断时的不可切除率较高，因此需要新的治疗方法来改善患者的预后。我们的综述概述了不同胃肠病学/肿瘤学、外科和介入放射学专业的当前多模式治疗选择。
CCA 分为临床上和分子上明显不同的表型。目前，手术治疗仍然是唯一可能治愈的方法，但不幸的是，由于解剖位置、肝储备不足、转移性疾病或限制合并症，大多数患者在初始诊断时都不适合进行切除。然而，多模式治疗方案可用于延长生存期、缓解症状和维持生活质量。
CCA 的治疗较为复杂，需要密切的跨学科协作和个体化的治疗计划，以确保在专门中心为患者提供最佳的护理。强烈建议对患者进行分子谱分析并纳入临床试验。
