Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
Viruses. 2021 Oct 14;13(10):2075. doi: 10.3390/v13102075.
The human Betacoronavirus OC43 is a common cause of respiratory viral infections in adults and children. Lung infections with OC43 are associated with mortality, especially in hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients. Neutralizing antibodies play a major role in protection against many respiratory viral infections, but to date a live viral neutralization assay for OC43 has not been described. We isolated a human monoclonal antibody (OC2) that binds to the spike protein of OC43 and neutralizes the live virus derived from the original isolate of OC43. We used this monoclonal antibody to develop and test the performance of two readily accessible in vitro assays for measuring antibody neutralization, one utilizing cytopathic effect and another utilizing an ELISA of infected cells. We used both methods to measure the neutralizing activity of the OC2 monoclonal antibody and of human plasma. These assays could prove useful for studying humoral responses to OC43 and cross-neutralization with other medically important betacoronaviruses.
人β冠状病毒 OC43 是成人和儿童呼吸道病毒感染的常见病因。OC43 肺部感染与死亡率相关，尤其是在造血干细胞移植受者中。中和抗体在预防许多呼吸道病毒感染中起着重要作用，但迄今为止，尚未描述针对 OC43 的活病毒中和测定法。我们分离出一种与人β冠状病毒 OC43 结合并中和源自 OC43 原始分离株的活病毒的人源单克隆抗体（OC2）。我们使用该单克隆抗体开发并测试了两种易于获得的体外测定法来测量抗体中和作用的性能，一种利用细胞病变效应，另一种利用感染细胞的 ELISA。我们使用这两种方法来测量 OC2 单克隆抗体和人血浆的中和活性。这些测定法可能有助于研究针对 OC43 的体液反应和与其他医学上重要的β冠状病毒的交叉中和作用。
