Wendt Andrea, Ricardo Luiza I C, Costa Caroline S, Knuth Alan G, Tenório Maria C M, Crochemore-Silva Inácio
J Phys Act Health. 2021 Oct 25;18(12):1503-1510. doi: 10.1123/jpah.2021-0291.
This study aims to describe changes in gender and wealth inequalities in leisure-time physical activity (PA) of Brazilians during a 6-year interval. It also aims to evaluate inequalities regarding PA public programs awareness, participation, and access to public spaces for PA.
Data from 2 population-based surveys conducted in 2013 and 2019 were used. Leisure-time PA prevalence was assessed considering those reporting ≥150 minutes per week. The authors evaluated gender inequalities calculating differences and ratios, and wealth inequalities using the slope index of inequality and the concentration index- assessing changes over time.
National levels of leisure-time PA increased from 2013 to 2019, and an increase in inequalities was observed; women and the poorest groups still presented lower prevalence. A decline in socioeconomic inequalities was observed from 2013 to 2019 regarding the availability of public spaces and awareness about public programs. However, outcomes remained more common among the richest group. Inequalities did not vary for participation in public programs.
Although leisure-time PA increased from 2013 to 2019 at a national level, there were no improvements in gender inequalities, and wealth inequalities worsened over time. Indicators of public strategies for PA increased for the population, but inequalities remain.
本研究旨在描述巴西人在6年期间休闲体育活动（PA）中性别和财富不平等的变化情况。它还旨在评估在PA公共项目的知晓度、参与度以及使用PA公共空间方面的不平等情况。
使用了2013年和2019年进行的两项基于人群的调查数据。休闲体育活动患病率是根据那些报告每周体育活动时间≥150分钟的人群来评估的。作者通过计算差异和比率来评估性别不平等，并使用不平等斜率指数和集中指数来评估财富不平等——评估随时间的变化。
2013年至2019年全国休闲体育活动水平有所提高，且观察到不平等现象有所增加；女性和最贫困群体的患病率仍然较低。2013年至2019年，在公共空间可用性和对公共项目的知晓度方面，社会经济不平等有所下降。然而，这些结果在最富有群体中仍然更为常见。参与公共项目方面的不平等没有变化。
尽管2013年至2019年全国休闲体育活动有所增加，但性别不平等没有改善，财富不平等随着时间的推移而恶化。针对体育活动的公共策略指标在人群中有所增加，但不平等现象仍然存在。
