Ortendahl T
Swed Dent J Suppl. 1987;43:1-53.
Divers performing electrical welding/cutting underwater often complain about a metallic taste in the mouth, strictly related to their work. In a nationwide clinical investigation, professional commercial divers were examined orally. The majority of the divers complained about a metallic taste. An increased surface deterioration of dental amalgam was detected in those divers who had performed electrical welding/cutting during the previous two years. In addition, after clinical and bacteriological examination, divers were found to belong to a caries risk group. In order to study the intraoral electrical activity, several actual dives were performed. When they were welding or cutting, the electrical activity registered intraorally in dental amalgam test samples was too low in magnitude to explain the metallic taste and the clinical appearance of the amalgam. The divers were dressed in a dry-suit and full-face mask. When leakage occurred or when a hot-water heated suit was used higher electrical activity was registered. This activity was still not of a magnitude, which could explain the symptoms theoretically, although a metallic taste and a subjective change in the divers dental amalgam were provoked. No increased levels of Hg and Cu could be detected in saliva, blood or urine. The flux density of the intraoral magnetic field created by a current of 650 ADC was calculated and measured to be 1.15 mT, which is approximately 25 times stronger than that of the earth. When exposing divers in-vivo to a field generated by a 200 ADC current, no symptoms other than magnetophosphenes were reported, such as metallic taste. The divers helmets offered almost no shielding effect towards the magnetic field. In-vitro exposure of dental amalgams to a magnetic field (1.15 mT; 50 Hz) increased the mobility of cupper and especially mercurity in the superficial layers of the amalgam after 24 h exposure, and gave rise to slight morphological changes within the amalgam.
从事水下电焊/切割的潜水员经常抱怨口中有金属味，这与他们的工作密切相关。在一项全国性的临床调查中，对专业商业潜水员进行了口腔检查。大多数潜水员都抱怨有金属味。在过去两年中进行过电焊/切割的潜水员中，发现银汞合金的表面腐蚀加剧。此外，经过临床和细菌学检查，发现潜水员属于龋齿风险组。为了研究口腔内的电活动，进行了几次实际潜水。当他们进行焊接或切割时，在银汞合金测试样本中口腔内记录到的电活动强度过低，无法解释金属味和银汞合金的临床外观。潜水员穿着干式潜水服和全脸面罩。当发生泄漏或使用热水加热的潜水服时，记录到的电活动较高。尽管引发了金属味和潜水员银汞合金的主观变化，但这种活动的强度仍不足以从理论上解释这些症状。在唾液、血液或尿液中未检测到汞和铜水平升高。计算并测量了由650 ADC电流产生的口腔内磁场的通量密度为1.15 mT，约为地磁场的25倍。当让潜水员体内暴露于200 ADC电流产生的磁场中时，除了磁幻视外，没有报告其他症状，如金属味。潜水员的头盔对磁场几乎没有屏蔽作用。在体外将银汞合金暴露于磁场（1.15 mT；50 Hz）中24小时后，银汞合金表层中铜尤其是汞的迁移率增加，并在银汞合金内部引起轻微的形态变化。
