Di Gennaro Francesco, Lattanzio Rossana, Falanga Carmine, Negri Silvia, Papagni Roberta, Novara Roberta, Panico Gianfranco Giorgio, Totaro Valentina, Poliseno Mariacristina, Bavaro Davide Fiore, Raho Lucia, Schiavone Marcella, Laforgia Nicole, Volpe Alessandro, Laforgia Renato, Lo Caputo Sergio, Marotta Claudia, Putoto Giovanni, Saracino Annalisa
Clinic of Infectious Diseases, University of Bari, University Hospital Policlinico, 70124 Bari, Italy.
Operational Research Unit, Doctors with Africa CUAMM, 35121 Padua, Italy.
Trop Med Infect Dis. 2021 Oct 15;6(4):184. doi: 10.3390/tropicalmed6040184.
Approximately 500,000 migrants work in the agricultural sector in Italy. Many of them live in shantytowns, wrongly called "ghettos", far away from city centers, with no water, proper hygienic conditions or health services. The aim of this study is to assess general health conditions and HIV prevalence by giving hygienic and sanitary sustenance.
Between June 2019 and February 2020, we performed a screening campaign for HIV-diabetes-hypertension, involving migrants living in three Apulian establishments: ghetto Pista, "Sankara House" and "Arena House".
Overall, 321 migrants were enrolled in the study. In the medical screening, one HIV test resulted positive. Hypertension was found in 12% of the migrants visited, diabetes in 2% and TB symptoms in 17%. Among others symptoms explored, muscle and joint pain/fatigue resulted in being the most frequent, and was reported by 34% of the migrants, followed by cough (10%). Significant predictors of muscle and joint pain/fatigue were: low BMI values (OR = 1.32; 95% CI 1.19-1.99), the absence of education (OR = 1.85; 95% CI 1.02-2.95), being employed with a regular contract (OR = 2.64; 95% CI 2.39-2.83) and living in the ghettos since >12 months (OR = 1.74; 95% CI 1.24-2.21).
Our experience suggests that, in this population, the health condition is mainly linked to the specific working activities in the agricultural fields, as well as to the hygienic and living conditions, and that all of this is due to the lack of social protection in their life and job.
约50万移民在意大利农业部门工作。他们中的许多人居住在远离市中心的棚户区（被错误地称为“贫民窟”），那里没有水、适当的卫生条件或医疗服务。本研究的目的是通过提供卫生和健康支持来评估总体健康状况和艾滋病毒感染率。
2019年6月至2020年2月期间，我们对居住在普利亚三个场所的移民开展了艾滋病毒-糖尿病-高血压筛查活动，这些场所包括皮斯塔贫民窟、“桑卡拉之家”和“竞技场之家”。
总体而言，321名移民参与了该研究。在医学筛查中，一项艾滋病毒检测呈阳性。在接受检查的移民中，12%患有高血压，2%患有糖尿病，17%有结核病症状。在其他检查的症状中，肌肉和关节疼痛/疲劳最为常见，34%的移民报告有此症状，其次是咳嗽（10%）。肌肉和关节疼痛/疲劳的显著预测因素为：低体重指数值（比值比=1.32；95%置信区间1.19-1.99）、未受过教育（比值比=1.85；95%置信区间1.02-2.95）、持有正规合同就业（比值比=2.64；95%置信区间2.39-2.83）以及在贫民窟居住超过12个月（比值比=1.74；95%置信区间1.24-2.21）。
我们的经验表明，在这一人群中，健康状况主要与农业领域的特定工作活动以及卫生和生活条件有关，而这一切都是由于他们在生活和工作中缺乏社会保护所致。
