Institute of Psychology, Jesuit University Ignatianum in Kracow, Kopernika 26, 31-501 Kracow, Poland.
Jesuit University Ignatianum in Kracow, Poland.
Acta Psychol (Amst). 2021 Nov;221:103439. doi: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2021.103439. Epub 2021 Oct 23.
Reaction times to targets presented at previously stimulated locations are longer after some time (approx. 300 ms) than to targets presented in new locations. This effect is widely known as Inhibition of Return (IOR). It is typically explained in terms of an inhibitory bias against returning attention to places previously attended to and thus promoting attentional activity elsewhere. Regardless of its attentional character, IOR seems to encapsulate the interaction between two fundamental dimensions of temperament: engaging in versus inhibition and withdrawal from activity. Approaching IOR in this perspective, the question has arisen as to whether individual differences in reactivity as a temperamental trait express themselves in the time course and magnitude of this effect. 90 subjects (30 low, 30 medium and 30 highly reactive individuals) participated in the study. To the best of our knowledge, there are no other studies of individual differences in these parameters of IOR that use saccadic responses to measure its effect on behavior. The results show that in individuals who are higher in terms of their reactivity, IOR starts earlier and continues at the following SOAs but its magnitude is smaller than in less reactive individuals. The results are explained and discussed in light of the Regulative Theory of Temperament. This is the final version of the Abstract which has been accepted in the revised manuscript.
在经过一段时间（约 300 毫秒）后，与呈现在新位置的目标相比，呈现于先前刺激位置的目标的反应时间会更长。这种效应被广泛称为返回抑制（IOR）。通常，它可以用一种抑制偏见来解释，这种偏见会阻止注意力回到先前注意过的地方，从而促进注意力在其他地方的活动。无论其注意力性质如何，IOR 似乎都包含了气质的两个基本维度之间的相互作用：参与和抑制以及从活动中撤回。从这个角度来看 IOR，就出现了这样一个问题，即作为气质特征的反应性个体差异是否会在这种效应的时间进程和幅度上表现出来。90 名受试者（30 名低反应性个体、30 名中反应性个体和 30 名高反应性个体）参与了这项研究。据我们所知，还没有其他研究使用眼跳反应来测量 IOR 对行为的影响，以研究这些参数的个体差异。结果表明，在反应性较高的个体中，IOR 更早开始，并在以下 SOA 持续，但与反应性较低的个体相比，其幅度较小。研究结果根据气质的调节理论进行了解释和讨论。这是已被修订后的手稿接受的摘要最终版本。
