Alamoudi Naela B, AlShammari Razan Z, AlOmar Reem S, AlShamlan Nouf A, Alqahtani Abdullah A, AlAmer Naheel A
College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Family and Community Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
J Family Community Med. 2021 Sep-Dec;28(3):196-201. doi: 10.4103/jfcm.jfcm_235_21. Epub 2021 Sep 7.
Color vision deficiency (CVD) affects approximately one in 12 men and one in 200 women in the world. It is considered a problem in the medical field since the color is often used as a sign in the practice of medicine, in observational assessment, diagnosis, and follow-up. These conditions make the appreciation of color essential in doctors' lives, thus we aimed at finding the prevalence and predictors of CVD in medical students.
This cross-sectional study included 1115 medical students. A pretested questionnaire consisting of personal data, history of vision problems, familial color vision defect, eye surgery, bad trauma on the head or eyes, drugs taken or chemicals exposed to, other health problems, and whether sufficient amount of Vitamin A is taken was used. This was followed by the screening of the participants for CVD using the Ishihara 15-plates test.
A total of 1115 students participated in the study; 52.2% were females and the mean age of the participants was 21.7 years (±1.4). The prevalence of definitive CVD was found to be 2.1%; all of which comprised males. Eighty-seven percent of the affected participants were not aware of their color vision problem. A highly statistically significant association was found between history of vision problems and CVD status (P < 0.008). No association were found for nationality, marital status, family history of CVD, history of eye surgery, and eye trauma.
The percentage of CVD in the present study is lower than that reported by previous studies done in other countries. Many medical students with CVD remain unaware of their condition. Therefore, we recommend early screening of all school-age children, and proper counseling of medical students with definite CVD to take care of their own health and wellbeing.
全球约每12名男性中有1人、每200名女性中有1人患有色觉缺陷（CVD）。由于颜色在医学实践、观察性评估、诊断和随访中常被用作一种标志，因此色觉缺陷被视为医学领域的一个问题。这些情况使得医生在工作中对颜色的辨别至关重要，因此我们旨在找出医学生中CVD的患病率及预测因素。
这项横断面研究纳入了1115名医学生。使用一份经过预测试的问卷，内容包括个人资料、视力问题史、家族色觉缺陷、眼部手术、头部或眼部严重外伤、所服用的药物或接触的化学物质、其他健康问题以及是否摄入足够量的维生素A。随后使用石原15板试验对参与者进行CVD筛查。
共有1115名学生参与了该研究；其中52.2%为女性，参与者的平均年龄为21.7岁（±1.4）。确诊的CVD患病率为2.1%；所有患者均为男性。87%的受影响参与者并不知道自己有色觉问题。视力问题史与CVD状况之间存在高度统计学显著关联（P < 0.008）。在国籍、婚姻状况、CVD家族史、眼部手术史和眼外伤方面未发现关联。
本研究中CVD的百分比低于其他国家先前研究报告的结果。许多患有CVD的医学生并未意识到自己的病情。因此，我们建议对所有学龄儿童进行早期筛查，并对确诊患有CVD的医学生进行适当的咨询，以关注他们自身的健康和幸福。
