Kolodny Tamar, Mevorach Carmel, Stern Pnina, Ankaoua Maya, Dankner Yarden, Tsafrir Shlomit, Shalev Lilach
Department of Cognitive Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.
Department of Psychology and Centre of Human Brain Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
Brain Imaging Behav. 2022 Jun;16(3):1003-1013. doi: 10.1007/s11682-021-00557-x. Epub 2021 Oct 27.
It is widely assumed that cognitive processes studied in fMRI are equivalent to cognitive processes engaged in the same experimental paradigms in typical behavioral lab settings. Yet very few studies examined this common assumption, and the results have been equivocal. In the current study we directly tested the effects of fMRI environment on sustained attention and response inhibition, using a Go/No-go task, among participants with (n = 42) and without (n = 21) attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Participants with ADHD are characterized by deficits in these cognitive functions and may be particularly susceptible to environmental effects on attention. We found a substantial slowing of reaction time in the scanner for all participants, and a trend for enhanced sustained attention, particularly in ADHD participants with poor performance. We also report limited stability of individual differences in scores obtained in the lab and in the scanner. These findings call for cautious interpretation of neuroimaging task-related results, especially those obtained in clinical populations.
人们普遍认为，功能磁共振成像（fMRI）研究中的认知过程等同于在典型行为实验室环境中采用相同实验范式时所涉及的认知过程。然而，很少有研究检验这一普遍假设，且结果一直模棱两可。在本研究中，我们使用一个“是/否”任务，对患有（n = 42）和未患有（n = 21）注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的参与者，直接测试了fMRI环境对持续注意力和反应抑制的影响。患有ADHD的参与者具有这些认知功能缺陷的特征，可能特别容易受到环境对注意力的影响。我们发现，所有参与者在扫描仪中的反应时间大幅减慢，并且有持续注意力增强的趋势，尤其是在表现较差的ADHD参与者中。我们还报告了在实验室和扫描仪中获得的分数的个体差异稳定性有限。这些发现要求谨慎解释与神经成像任务相关的结果，尤其是在临床人群中获得的结果。
