Pediatric Department, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215025, Jiangsu Province, China.
The Emergency Department, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu Province, China.
Appl Biochem Biotechnol. 2022 Mar;194(3):1340-1358. doi: 10.1007/s12010-021-03682-x. Epub 2021 Oct 27.
Ocimum tenuiflorum (KT) is a common ethnobotanical plant of Southeast Asia. The ethnic communities of these regions use the various parts of the plants, especially the leaves, for the treatment of various ailments like cold and flu, chronic infections, and surface ailments. The leaves of these plants are consumed to act as immune boosters in the body. With this ethnical background, we performed the antimicrobial and antibiofilm potential of the methanolic extract of Ocimum tenuiflorum against biofilm formed by S. aureus biofilm. The biofilm formed by S. aureus is a potent cause for the development of gastrointestinal (GI)-associated chronic infection. The extract from the KT leaf was analyzed using UV spectroscopy and HPLC to confirm the presence of the active ingredients present within the extract. The HPLC and GC-MS studies revealed the presence of eugenol and linalool in a greater proportion having the maximum drug-like properties. It was observed that KT showed maximum inhibition of biofilms, proteins, and carbohydrates being present with the extracellular polymeric substance (EPS). Interestingly, the maximum inhibition to the quorum sensing (QS) and the genomic DNA, RNA content was reduced by eugenol and linalool in comparison to the plant extract. The studies were supported by in silico interaction between eugenol and linalool with the QS proteins of S. aureus. The studies were further confirmed with microscopic studies SEM and FCM. The IR studies also confirmed much reduction in biofilm when treated with eugenol, linalool, and KT with respect to the untreated sample.
九层塔（KT）是东南亚常见的一种民俗植物。这些地区的民族群体使用植物的各个部分，特别是叶子，来治疗各种疾病，如感冒和流感、慢性感染和表面疾病。这些植物的叶子被用来作为身体的免疫增强剂。基于这种民族背景，我们研究了九层塔甲醇提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌生物膜形成的抗菌和抗生物膜潜力。金黄色葡萄球菌形成的生物膜是导致胃肠道（GI）相关慢性感染发展的一个重要原因。使用紫外光谱法和高效液相色谱法（HPLC）对 KT 叶提取物进行分析，以确认提取物中存在的活性成分。HPLC 和 GC-MS 研究表明，丁香酚和芳樟醇在提取物中含量较高，具有最大的类药性。研究表明，KT 对生物膜、蛋白质和碳水化合物的抑制作用最大，这些物质存在于细胞外聚合物（EPS）中。有趣的是，与植物提取物相比，丁香酚和芳樟醇对群体感应（QS）和基因组 DNA、RNA 含量的抑制作用更大。这些研究得到了丁香酚和芳樟醇与金黄色葡萄球菌 QS 蛋白之间的计算机模拟相互作用的支持。进一步通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和流式细胞术（FCM）进行了微观研究。红外（IR）研究也证实，与未处理的样品相比，用丁香酚、芳樟醇和 KT 处理后，生物膜的减少程度更大。
