School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 611756, Sichuan, China.
Chem Biodivers. 2021 Dec;18(12):e2100705. doi: 10.1002/cbdv.202100705. Epub 2021 Nov 16.
Emerging evidence suggests that a high-fat diet (HFD) can influence endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and gut microbiota. Crataegi Fructus is a traditional Chinese herb widely used in formulas for dyspepsia, with Dashanzha Pill composed of raw Crataegi Fructus (DR) being a representative drug. Processing products of Crataegi Fructus, however, have a stronger pro-digestive effect, and we hypothesized that Dashanzha Pill composed of charred Crataegi Fructus (DC) is more effective. We found that the contents of glucose 1-phosphate and luteolin in DR and DC were substantially different via ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-hybrid quadrupole-Orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry. DC outperformed DR in improving histopathological changes, increasing gastrin and motilin, and decreasing vasoactive intestinal peptides in rats with HFD induced dyspepsia. Fecal microbiota analysis revealed that DC could restore the disturbed intestinal microbiota composition, including that of Bacteroides, Akkermansia, and Intestinimonas to normal levels. Furthermore, DC significantly reduced the mRNA and protein levels of glucose-regulated protein 78, protein kinase R-like ER kinase, and eukaryotic initiation factor 2α. Taken together, DC outperformed DR in relieving dyspepsia by regulating gut microbiota and alleviating ER stress.
新出现的证据表明，高脂肪饮食（HFD）会影响内质网（ER）应激和肠道微生物群。山楂是一种传统的中药，广泛用于消化不良的方剂中，由生山楂组成的大山楂丸（DR）就是一种代表性药物。然而，山楂的炮制产品具有更强的助消化作用，我们假设由炒山楂组成的大山楂丸（DC）更有效。我们通过超高效液相色谱-杂交四极杆轨道阱高分辨率质谱发现，DR 和 DC 中的葡萄糖 1-磷酸和木樨草素含量有很大差异。DC 在改善高脂肪饮食诱导的消化不良大鼠的组织病理学变化、增加胃泌素和胃动素以及降低血管活性肠肽方面优于 DR。粪便微生物分析显示，DC 可以恢复紊乱的肠道微生物组成，包括拟杆菌、阿克曼菌和肠球菌到正常水平。此外，DC 显著降低了葡萄糖调节蛋白 78、蛋白激酶 R 样内质网激酶和真核起始因子 2α 的 mRNA 和蛋白水平。综上所述，DC 通过调节肠道微生物群和减轻 ER 应激来缓解消化不良的作用优于 DR。
