Department of Psychology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel.
Princeton University, NJ, USA.
Exp Psychol. 2021 May;68(3):130-136. doi: 10.1027/1618-3169/a000518.
In studies that use subliminal presentations, participants may become aware of stimuli that are intended to remain subliminal. A common solution to this problem is to analyze the results of the group of participants for whom the stimuli remained subliminal. A recent article (Shanks, 2017) argued that this method leads to a regression to the mean artifact, which may account for many of the observed effects. However, conceptual and statistical characteristics of the original publication lead to overestimation of the influence of the artifact. Using simulations, we demonstrate that this overestimation leads to the mistaken conclusion that regression to the mean accounts for nonconscious effects. We conclude by briefly outlining a new description of the influence of the artifact and how it should be statistically addressed.
在使用潜意识呈现的研究中，参与者可能会意识到原本意图保持潜意识的刺激。解决这个问题的一个常见方法是分析那些刺激仍然潜意识的参与者群体的结果。最近的一篇文章（Shanks，2017）认为，这种方法会导致向均值回归的人工制品，这可能解释了许多观察到的影响。然而，原始出版物的概念和统计特征导致了对人工制品影响的高估。通过模拟，我们证明这种高估导致了错误的结论，即向均值回归解释了无意识的影响。最后，我们简要概述了人工制品影响的新描述以及如何在统计上处理它。
