Benavides Ligia R, Giribet Gonzalo, Hormiga Gustavo
Department of Biological Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, USA.
Museum of Comparative Zoology & Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, 26 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA.
Cladistics. 2017 Aug;33(4):375-405. doi: 10.1111/cla.12174. Epub 2016 Nov 13.
We investigate the phylogeny of "pirate spiders" (Mimetidae), a family of araneophagic spiders known for their use of aggressive mimicry as a foraging strategy, but poorly understood phylogenetically. Relationships are inferred by including molecular data from six loci for 92 mimetid terminals spanning four genera, and 119 outgroups representing 12 families. Phylogenetic analyses based on parsimony, maximum-likelihood and Bayesian approaches, as well as static and dynamic homology, robustly support monophyly of Mimetidae and a sister-group relationship to a clade comprising Tetragnathidae + Arkyidae. Relationships among the mimetid genera are largely congruent across methods, as follows: (Gelanor (Ero (Anansi n. gen. (Australomimetus, Mimetus)))). Diversification of Mimetidae is estimated to be around 114 Ma, in the Early Cretaceous. In light of the results of our phylogenetic analyses, we erect Anansi n. gen. to include a clade of mimetids from West Africa that contains at least four species, including the newly described A. luki n. sp. We present the first report of maternal care in Mimetidae based on novel field observations.
我们研究了“盗蛛”（盗蛛科）的系统发育，这是一类以攻击性拟态作为觅食策略而闻名的食蛛性蜘蛛，但在系统发育方面却知之甚少。通过纳入来自四个属的92个盗蛛科终端的六个基因座的分子数据，以及代表12个科的119个外类群，推断出它们之间的关系。基于简约法、最大似然法和贝叶斯方法以及静态和动态同源性的系统发育分析，有力地支持了盗蛛科的单系性以及与包括肖蛸科+光盔蛛科在内的一个分支的姐妹群关系。盗蛛科各属之间的关系在不同方法中基本一致，如下：（吉拉诺蛛属（埃罗蛛属（阿南西新属（澳盗蛛属、盗蛛属））））。盗蛛科的多样化估计约在1.14亿年前的早白垩世。根据我们系统发育分析的结果，我们建立了阿南西新属，以包含来自西非的一个盗蛛科分支，该分支至少包含四个物种，包括新描述的卢基阿南西新种。我们基于新的野外观察结果首次报道了盗蛛科的母性关怀行为。
