Department for Ophthalmology, Clinical Hospital Dubrava, Avenija Gojka Šuška 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia,
Psychiatr Danub. 2021 Spring-Summer;33(Suppl 4):588-595.
Dry eye disease (DED) is a multifactorial disease of the tear film and ocular surface representing one of the most common problems in ophthalmological practice. Characteristic symptoms of DED include gritty, sandy foreign body sensation as well as visual disturbances that have a negative impact on the patient's daily activities and social life. It is often assumed that the symptoms of dry eye are the main features of this disease, however, the symptoms do not always coincide with the signs and the results of diagnostic tests and the cause of this discordance in perception is still unclear. Numerous studies have been conducted in order to determine the cause of these discrepancies. Mental health disorders may be one of considerable contributing factors for dry eye symptoms and undiagnosed mental health conditions can be an influencing element for unexplained levels of DED symptoms. Depression, anxiety, stress, hypochondriasis, neuroticism, sleep and mood disorders may be associated with the exacerbation of symptoms to degrees that are not consistent with the objective signs related to tear dysfunction as well as changes in the anterior surface of the eye. Thus, a detailed medical history, thorough ophthalmological examination and referral to a psychologist or psychiatrist may be essential in the treatment of patients whose symptoms do not correlate with objective evidence of DED.
干眼症（DED）是一种多因素的眼表疾病，是眼科实践中最常见的问题之一。DED 的特征性症状包括有磨砂感、沙粒感的异物感以及视觉障碍，这些症状会对患者的日常生活和社交生活产生负面影响。人们通常认为干眼症的症状是这种疾病的主要特征，但症状并不总是与体征和诊断测试结果一致，这种感知上的差异的原因仍不清楚。为了确定这些差异的原因，已经进行了许多研究。心理健康障碍可能是干眼症症状的一个重要促成因素，而未确诊的心理健康状况可能是导致 DED 症状无法解释的程度的一个影响因素。抑郁、焦虑、压力、疑病症、神经质、睡眠和情绪障碍可能与症状恶化有关，这些症状与与泪液功能障碍以及眼表前部变化相关的客观体征不一致。因此，详细的病史、全面的眼科检查以及向心理学家或精神科医生转介可能是治疗那些症状与 DED 的客观证据不相符的患者的重要手段。
