Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt.
Aquatic Animal Diseases and Management Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2022 Mar;29(13):19778-19789. doi: 10.1007/s11356-021-17201-2. Epub 2021 Oct 31.
The risk of the waterborne toxicity caused by herbicides threatens the aquatic environment. In this study, propolis nanoparticles were shown to relieve the impacts of glyphosate-induced oxidative stress and immunosuppression in Nile tilapia. The control group was fed a basal diet and maintained in a glyphosate-free water (control). Simultaneously, the other three groups were exposed to sublethal concentrations of glyphosate (0.6 mg/L) and fed diets containing 0 and 10 g propolis and 10 g propolis nanoparticles for 4 weeks. Nile tilapia exposed to glyphosate for 2 and 4 weeks exhibited a significant increase in serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, urea, and creatinine values compared to the control. After 2 and 4 weeks, fish exposed to glyphosate who were not fed propolis and propolis nanoparticles showed a significant reduction in total protein, albumin, and globulin levels, lysozyme activity, and total immunoglobulin levels. Nile tilapia exposed to glyphosate displayed a significant increase in blood glucose and cortisol concentrations after 2 and 4 weeks. Furthermore, liver and gill tissues from fish exposed to glyphosate exhibited a significant increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations. Conversely, a statistically significant decrease was observed in the liver and gill MDA levels and AChE activity of the groups treated with propolis and propolis nanoparticles compared to the groups exposed to glyphosate and fed the basal diet. Fish exposed to glyphosate for 2 and 4 weeks showed a significant decrease (p < 0.05) in hepatic and gill glutathione (GSH) concentration and white blood cell and red blood cell counts compared to the control group. Meanwhile, these parameters in groups fed propolis and propolis nanoparticles were markedly ameliorated compared to exposed fish fed the basal diet. Dietary supplementation of propolis nanoparticles is superior to supplementation of propolis in the normal form for protecting Nile tilapia from glyphosate toxicity.
除草剂引起的水生毒性风险威胁着水生环境。在这项研究中，蜂胶纳米粒子被证明可以缓解草甘膦诱导的尼罗罗非鱼氧化应激和免疫抑制的影响。对照组投喂基础日粮，饲养在无草甘膦的水中（对照组）。同时，另外三组暴露于亚致死浓度的草甘膦（0.6mg/L），并投喂含 0 和 10g 蜂胶和 10g 蜂胶纳米粒子的日粮，持续 4 周。与对照组相比，暴露于草甘膦 2 周和 4 周的尼罗罗非鱼血清丙氨酸转氨酶、天冬氨酸转氨酶、尿素和肌酐值显著升高。暴露于草甘膦但未投喂蜂胶和蜂胶纳米粒子的鱼在 2 周和 4 周后，总蛋白、白蛋白和球蛋白水平、溶菌酶活性和总免疫球蛋白水平显著降低。暴露于草甘膦 2 周和 4 周后，尼罗罗非鱼的血糖和皮质醇浓度显著升高。此外，暴露于草甘膦的鱼的肝脏和鳃组织中丙二醛（MDA）浓度显著增加。相反，与暴露于草甘膦并投喂基础日粮的组相比，用蜂胶和蜂胶纳米粒子处理的组的肝脏和鳃 MDA 水平和 AChE 活性显著降低。暴露于草甘膦 2 周和 4 周的鱼的肝和鳃谷胱甘肽（GSH）浓度以及白细胞和红细胞计数显著降低（p<0.05）与对照组相比。同时，与暴露于草甘膦并投喂基础日粮的鱼相比，用蜂胶和蜂胶纳米粒子喂养的鱼的这些参数明显改善。与普通形式的蜂胶补充相比，在保护尼罗罗非鱼免受草甘膦毒性方面，蜂胶纳米粒子的膳食补充更具优势。
