Hull Emily, Semeniuk Mitchell, Puolakka Hanna-Leena, Kynkäänniemi Sanna-Mari, Niinimäki Sirpa
University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
Polar Biol. 2021;44(9):1803-1816. doi: 10.1007/s00300-021-02919-z. Epub 2021 Jul 26.
, the northern species including both reindeer and caribou, is a pillar of northern ecosystems and the lives of northern peoples. As the only domestic cervid, reindeer are important not only to the herders and hunters who presently interact with them, but also to zooarchaeologists and palaeontologists tracing their histories. Unfortunately, limited anatomical information on muscles is available beyond descriptions of the large muscle groups. The lower limb and hoof in particular is poorly documented. This is problematic, as this important body part has the potential to be informative in zooarchaeological analyses of habitual activity, especially in regards to historical animal health, movement, and habitual activity. Better understanding of the hoof can additionally be useful to herders and veterinarians seeking to provide veterinary care for living animals. This study has used dissections and comparisons of the reindeer hoof with other domestic ungulates to document both the common and unique structures in hooves, including the presence and attachment points of these structures. As these structures have proved unique, especially in regards to the dewclaw, it is important that other ungulates not be used exclusively in the analysis of remains.
驯鹿，包括北极地区的驯鹿和北美驯鹿，是北极生态系统和北极地区居民生活的支柱。作为唯一的家养鹿科动物，驯鹿不仅对目前与之互动的牧民和猎人很重要，对于追踪其历史的动物考古学家和古生物学家也很重要。不幸的是，除了对大肌肉群的描述外，关于肌肉的解剖学信息有限。特别是下肢和蹄部的记录很差。这是个问题，因为这个重要的身体部位在动物考古学对习惯性活动的分析中可能提供有用信息，特别是在历史动物健康、运动和习惯性活动方面。更好地了解蹄部对寻求为活体动物提供兽医护理的牧民和兽医也可能有用。本研究通过对驯鹿蹄与其他家养有蹄类动物进行解剖和比较，记录了蹄部的共同和独特结构，包括这些结构的存在和附着点。由于这些结构已被证明是独特的，特别是在距毛方面，重要的是在遗骸分析中不能仅使用其他有蹄类动物。
