Liu Tong, Feng Meng, Wen Zexin, He Yijie, Lin Wei, Zhang Min
Department of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
School of Basic Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
J Inflamm Res. 2021 Oct 23;14:5475-5487. doi: 10.2147/JIR.S329697. eCollection 2021.
Cytokine storm (CS) is a significant cause of death in patients with severe coronavirus pneumonia. Excessive immune-inflammatory reaction, many inflammatory cell infiltration, and extreme increase of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines lead to acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). This review compares the characters of cytokine storms and immune responses caused by three highly pathogenic and infectious coronaviruses (HCoVs), including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), Middle East respiratory syndrome-coronavirus (MERS-CoV), and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and analyzes the possible mechanisms to guide clinical treatment in the future.
细胞因子风暴（CS）是重症冠状病毒肺炎患者死亡的重要原因。过度的免疫炎症反应、大量炎症细胞浸润以及促炎细胞因子和趋化因子的极度增加会导致急性肺损伤和急性呼吸窘迫综合征（ARDS）。本综述比较了三种高致病性传染性冠状病毒（HCoV），即严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒（SARS-CoV）、中东呼吸综合征冠状病毒（MERS-CoV）和严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）引起的细胞因子风暴和免疫反应的特征，并分析了可能的机制，以指导未来的临床治疗。
